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Prevalencia de retinopatía diabética en diabéticos tipo II en un centro de referencia 2012 – 2017

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dc.contributor.advisorNavarro Naranjo, Pedro Iván
dc.creatorPrada Ramirez, Lilian Jeannette
dc.creator.degreeEspecialista en Epidemiología (en Convenio con el CES)spa
dc.creator.degreetypePart timespa
dc.date.accessioned2018-10-24T13:16:02Z
dc.date.available2018-10-24T13:16:02Z
dc.date.created2018-08-24
dc.date.issued2018
dc.descriptionIntroducción: Para el 2030 se estima una población diabética de 33 millones de personas en Latinoamérica. La prevalencia global es del 25,2%, en hispanos varía del 30 al 50% con unos costos por complicaciones alrededor de 493 millones de dólares. La prevención está asociada a la efectividad de los programas de detección de la retinopatía diabética (RD). Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de RD en DM tipo 2 en una entidad hospitalaria de la ciudad de Bogotá entre los años 2012 - 2017. Diseño: Estudio observacional descriptivo, de corte transversal y de prevalencia. Metodología: La prevalencia de la RD se calculó estimando la proporción de diabéticos tipo 2 con RD sobre el total de diabéticos tipo 2 de una entidad hospitalaria de la ciudad de Bogotá durante el periodo 2012-2017. Se recolectaron variables sociodemográficas, tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad, hipertensión arterial, tipo de tratamiento y complicaciones por RD. Se validó la base de datos estimando el grado de concordancia (kappa) entre el sistema electrónico de diagnóstico (H360) y el diagnóstico clínico dado por el examen oftalmológico. Se utilizó pruebas de correlación (Spearman), análisis de variables con test de Mann-Whitnney, Chi cuadrado y test de concordancia. Resultados: La prevalencia de RD en DM tipo 2 atendidos en la entidad hospitalaria de la ciudad de Bogotá fue de 7,3% para la muestra seleccionada. El 62% fueron hombres con una edad mediana de 71 años (RIC=15) y una mediana de tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad de 17 años (RIC=12). El 93,8 % eran hipertensos y el 42,1 % en tratamiento con insulina. La complicación más frecuente por RD fue la hemorragia vítrea (11,2%), glaucoma neovascular (5%), oclusiones vasculares (4,2%) y desprendimiento de retina traccional (4,2%). La concordancia observada fue del 94% (IC 95% -0,16 -0,62 z=2,646 p=0,008). Conclusión: La prevalencia de RD en la entidad hospitalaria durante el quinquenio 2012-2017 fue del 7,3%. La DM2 con RD fue más prevalente en hombres con hipertensión arterial, con largo tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad y quienes estaban bajo tratamiento con insulina. Se sugiere la implementación de programas de prevención para reducir las complicaciones visuales por RD.spa
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: By 2030 a diabetic population of 33 million people in Latin America is estimated. The overall prevalence is 25.2%, in Hispanics it varies from 30 to 50% with complications costs around 493 million dollars. Prevention is associated with the effectiveness of diabetic retinopathy (DR) detection programs. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of RD in type 2 DM in a hostipal between the years 2012 - 2017. Design: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and prevalence study. Methodology: The prevalence of DR was calculated by estimating the proportion of type 2 diabetics with DR over the total of type 2 diabetics of a hospital in Bogotá during the period 2012-2017. Sociodemographic variables, time of evolution of the disease, arterial hypertension, type of treatment and complications due to DR were collected. The database was validated estimating the degree of agreement (kappa) between the electronic diagnostic system (H360) and the clinical diagnosis given by the ophthalmological examination. Correlation tests (Spearman), analysis of variables with Mann-Whitney test, Chi square and concordance test were used. Results: The prevalence of DR in Diabetes type 2 treated in the Hospital was 7.3% for the selected sample. 62% were men with a median age of 71 years (IQR = 15) and a median time of evolution of the disease of 17 years (IQR = 12). 93.8% were hypertensive and 42.1% were treated with insulin. The most frequent complication due to RD was vitreous hemorrhage (11.2%), neovascular glaucoma (5%), vascular occlusions (4.2%) and tractional retinal detachment (4.2%). The observed concordance was 94% (95% CI -0.16 -0.62 z = 2.666 p = 0.008). Conclusion: The prevalence of DR in the Hospital during the five-year period 2012-2017 was 7.3%. Type 2 Diabetes with DR was more prevalent in men with hypertension, with a long time of evolution of the disease and those who were under treatment with insulin. It is suggested the implementation of prevention programs to reduce visual complications by DR.spa
dc.description.embargo2020-11-01 01:01:01: Script de automatizacion de embargos. info:eu-repo/date/embargoEnd/2020-10-31spa
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dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.48713/10336_18648
dc.identifier.urihttp://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/18648
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad del Rosariospa
dc.publisher.departmentFacultad de medicinaspa
dc.rights.accesRightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.accesoAbierto (Texto Completo)spa
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dc.source.instnameinstname:Universidad del Rosariospa
dc.source.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocURspa
dc.subjectEdema macularspa
dc.subjectPrevalenciaspa
dc.subjectRetinopatía diabéticaspa
dc.subjectCegueraspa
dc.subjectDiabetes mellitusspa
dc.subject.ddcEnfermedadesspa
dc.subject.keywordretinal hemorrhagesspa
dc.subject.keyworddiabetes complicationsspa
dc.subject.keyworddiabetic retinopathyspa
dc.subject.keywordmacular edemaspa
dc.subject.keywordblindnessspa
dc.subject.lembDiabetesspa
dc.subject.lembEnfermedades de la retinaspa
dc.subject.lembEnfermedades de los ojosspa
dc.titlePrevalencia de retinopatía diabética en diabéticos tipo II en un centro de referencia 2012 – 2017spa
dc.title.alternativeRetinopatía diabética : prevalencia en diabéticos tipo 2 en un hospital de referencia de Bogotá entre 2012 – 2017spa
dc.typebachelorThesiseng
dc.type.hasVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.spaTrabajo de gradospa
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Especialización en Epidemiología