TY - JOUR AU - Fanti, Luciano AU - Gori, Luca TI - Endogenous fertility, endogenous lifetime and economic growth: the role of child policies. T2 - Journal of Population Economics VL - 27 IS - 2 SP - 529-564 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 AB - We examine the effects of child policies on both transitional dynamics and long-term demo-economic outcomes in an overlapping-generations neoclassical growth model à la Chakraborty (J Econ Theory 116(1):119-137, 2004) extended with endogenous fertility under the assumption of weak altruism towards children. The government invests in public health, and an individual's survival probability at the end of youth depends on health expenditure. We show that multiple development regimes can exist. However, poverty or prosperity does not necessarily depend on the initial conditions, since they are the result of how a child policy is designed. A child tax, for example, can be used effectively to enable those economies that were entrapped in poverty to prosper. There is also a long-term welfare-maximising level of the child tax. We show that a child tax can be used to increase capital accumulation, escape from poverty and maximise long-term welfare also when (a) a public pay-as-you-go pension sy SN - 0933-1433 UR - http://ez.urosario.edu.co/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=94006170&lang=es&site=ehost-live KW - ECONOMIC development, ECONOMIC models, POVERTY, SAVINGS, ECONOMIC policy, OVERLAPPING generations model (Economics), Child policy, Endogenous fertility, Health, I1, J13, Life expectancy, O4, OLG model ER - TY - JOUR AU - Alidou, Sahawal AU - Verpoorten, Marijke TI - Family size and schooling in sub-Saharan Africa: testing the quantity-quality trade-off. T2 - Journal of Population Economics VL - 32 IS - 4 SP - 1353-1399 PY - 2019 DA - 2019 AB - Many family planning programs are based on the idea that small families lead to improved development outcomes, such as more schooling for children. Because of endogeneity issues, this idea is however difficult to verify. A handful of studies have made use of twin birth to deal with the endogeneity of family size. We do so for sub-Saharan African countries. In a compilation of 86 survey rounds from 34 countries, we exploit the birth of twins to study the effect of a quasi-exogenous increase in family size on the schooling of children at the first, second and third birth order. Our findings do not support the generally assumed negative effect of family size on schooling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] SN - 0933-1433 UR - http://ez.urosario.edu.co/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=137664168&lang=es&site=ehost-live KW - FAMILY size, BIRTH order, FAMILY planning services, SCHOOL children, SUB-Saharan Africa, D1, Family size, O1, Quantity-quality trade-off, Schooling, Sub-Saharan Africa ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zhong, Hai TI - The Effect of Sibling Size on Children's Health and Education: Is there a Quantity-Quality Trade-off? T2 - Journal of Development Studies VL - 53 IS - 8 SP - 1194-1206 PY - 2017 DA - 2017 AB - The quantity-quality trade-off is one important motivation for the family planning policies in many developing countries. In this paper, we examine the effect of number of siblings on children's health and education in China. We find evidence of quantity-quality trade-off in children's health but not in children's education. Our study has three contributions. First, we focus not only on children's education but also on children's health, which has received rather little attention in the literature. Secondly, we use a new source of exogenous variation in fertility - variations of the strictness of the One-Child policy across localities in China - to construct instrumental variable's (IV's). Finally, we empirically explore the underlying mechanism of the quantity-quality trade-off, and find supporting evidence for the resource dilution hypothesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] SN - 0022-0388 UR - http://ez.urosario.edu.co/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=124308278&lang=es&site=ehost-live KW - FAMILY planning, CHILDREN'S health, EDUCATION, FERTILITY, CHINA, ONE-child policy, China ER - TY - JOUR AU - Barro, Robert J AU - Becker, Gary S TI - Fertility Choice in a Model of Economic Growth T2 - Econometrica VL - 57 IS - 2 SP - 481-501 PY - 1989 DA - 1989 PB - [Wiley, Econometric Society] AB - Altruistic parents make choices of family size along with decisions about consumption and intergenerational transfers. We apply this framework to a closed economy, where the determination of interest rates and wage rates is simultaneous with the determination of population growth and the accumulation of capital. Thus, we extend the literature on optimal economic growth to allow for optimizing choices of fertility and intergenerational transfers. We use the model to assess the effects of child-rearing costs, the tax system, the conditions of technology and preferences, and shocks to the initial levels of population and the capital stock. SN - 0012-9682 UR - http://www.jstor.org/stable/1912563 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Galor, Oded TI - Unified Growth Theory PY - 2011 DA - 2011 PB - Princeton University Press UR - http://ez.urosario.edu.co/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=cat05358a&AN=crai.76312&lang=es&site=eds-live&scope=site ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bosi, S AU - Seegmuller, T) TI - Mortality Differential and Growth: What do we Learn From the Barro-Becker Model? T2 - Mathematical Population Studies VL - 19 IS - 1 SP - 27-50 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SN - 0889-8480 UR - http://ez.urosario.edu.co/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edselc&AN=edselc.2-52.0-84856862154&lang=es&site=eds-live&scope=site KW - endogenous fertility, endogenous growth, heterogeneous households, mortality differential, mortality shocks, quantity-quality trade-off ER - TY - JOUR AU - Riswick, Tim AU - Engelen, Theo TI - Siblings and life transitions: investigating the resource dilution hypothesis across historical contexts and outcomes T2 - The History of the Family VL - 23 IS - 4 SP - 521-532 PY - 2018 DA - 2018 PB - Routledge DO - 10.1080/1081602X.2018.1532309 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/1081602X.2018.1532309 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1081602X.2018.1532309 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lawson, David W AU - Borgerhoff-Mulder, Monique TI - The offspring quantity - quality trade-off and human fertility variation. T2 - Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences VL - 371 IS - 1692 SP - 1-11 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 AB - The idea that trade-offs between offspring quantity and quality shape reproductive behaviour has long been central to economic perspectives on fertility. It also has a parallel and richer theoretical foundation in evolutionary ecology. We review the application of the quantity-quality trade-off concept to human reproduction, emphasizing distinctions between clutch size and lifetime fertility, and the wider set of forces contributing to fertility variation in iteroparous and sexually reproducing species like our own. We then argue that in settings approximating human evolutionary history, several factors limit costly sibling competition. Consequently, while the optimization of quantity-quality trade-offs undoubtedly shaped the evolution of human physiology setting the upper limits of reproduction, we argue it plays a modest role in accounting for socio-ecological and individual variation in fertility. Only upon entering the demographic transition can fertility limitation be clearly int SN - 0962-8436 UR - http://ez.urosario.edu.co/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.24768710&lang=es&site=eds-live&scope=site KW - Fertility rates, Human fertility, Evolution, Siblings, Fertility, Parental investment, Demographic transitions, Ecological competition, Homo sapiens, Reproductive success ER - TY - JOUR AU - Acemoglu, Daron AU - Aghion, Philippe AU - Bursztyn, Leonardo AU - Hémous, David TI - The Environment and Directed Technical Change T2 - American Economic Review VL - 102 IS - 1 SP - 131-166 PY - 2012 DA - 2012/2 DO - 10.1257/aer.102.1.131 UR - https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.102.1.131 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.1.131 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Acemoglu, Daron AU - Aghion, Philippe AU - Hémous, David TI - The environment and directed technical change in a North-South model. T2 - Oxford Review of Economic Policy VL - 30 IS - 3 SP - 513-530 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 AB - A key question in the economics of climate change is the importance of global policy coordination in reducing carbon emissions. In this paper, we study this question using a two-country (North–South) extension of Acemoglu et al . (2012) which introduces directed technical change into a general equilibrium model of climate change. We find that, first, the optimal policy necessarily requires global policy coordination, with the implementation of research subsidies and carbon taxes in both North and South. Second, under certain circumstances, appropriately chosen environmental regulations in the North alone can prevent the worst environmental disasters. In particular, such disasters can be prevented by a combination of carbon taxes and clean research subsidies under the restrictive conditions that ( a ) the two inputs are substitutable in both countries; ( b ) there is no international trade between the North and the South; and ( c ) the South imitates technologies invented in the North. UR - http://ez.urosario.edu.co/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsbas&AN=edsbas.44681803&lang=es&site=eds-live&scope=site KW - Article ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gerlagh, Reyer AU - Lupi, Veronica AU - Galeotti, Marzio TI - Family Planning and Climate Change T2 - CESifo Working Paper No. 7421 PY - 2019 DA - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gerlagh, Reyer TI - Climate, Technology, Family Size; on the Crossroad between two Ultimate Externalities T2 - Working Paper PY - 2020 DA - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chen, Hung-Ju TI - A brain gain or a brain drain? Migration, endogenous fertility, and human capital formation. T2 - Economic Inquiry VL - 47 IS - 4 SP - 766-782 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 AB - This study develops an endogenous growth model of migration to analyze the impact of international migration on the economic growth of a source country. When making their fertility and education decisions, adults may have the option of migrating to a foreign country. We find that changes in the migration probability or the extent of migration costs will lead to a trade-off between the quality and the quantity of children. When a host country cannot differentiate between the abilities of migrants, an increase in migration probability will raise a source country’s economic growth. When low- and high-skilled workers are faced with different migration probabilities, allowing more low-skilled workers to emigrate will cause a “brain gain” in both the short run and the long run. However, relaxation of restrictions on the emigration of high-skilled workers will damage economic growth in the long run, although a brain gain may occur in the short run.( JEL F22, J24, O15) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] SN - 0095-2583 UR - http://ez.urosario.edu.co/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=44788710&lang=es&site=ehost-live KW - EMIGRATION & immigration -- Economic aspects, IMMIGRATION policy, INTELLECTUAL capital, ENDOGENOUS growth (Economics), BRAIN drain, MATHEMATICAL models of economic development, ECONOMIC development -- Social aspects, LABOR market ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kulu, Hill TI - Migration and Fertility: Competing Hypotheses Re-examined T2 - European Journal of Population / Revue européenne de Démographie VL - 21 IS - 1 SP - 51-87 PY - 2005 DA - 2005/3 AB - Competing views exist concerning the impact of geographical mobility on childbearing patterns. Early research shows that internal migrants largely exhibit fertility levels dominant in their childhood environment, while later studies find migrants’ fertility to resemble more closely that of natives at destination. Some authors attribute the latter to adaptation, others claim the selection of migrants by fertility preferences. Moreover, short-term fertility-lowering-effects of residential relocation have also been proposed and challenged in the literature. This paper contributes to the existing discussion by providing an analysis of the effect of internal migration on fertility of post-war Estonian female cohorts. We use retrospective event-history data and apply intensity regression for both single and simultaneous equations. Our analysis shows that first, the risk of birth for native residents decreases with increasing settlement size and the decrease is larger for higher-order parities. Second, it shows that migrants, whatever their origin, exhibit fertility levels similar to those of non-migrants at destination. We also observe elevated fertility levels after residential relocations arising from union formation. Our further analysis supports the adaptation hypothesis. We find no evidence on (strong) selectivity of migrants by fertility preferences. SN - 1572-9885 DO - 10.1007/s10680-005-3581-8 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-005-3581-8 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10680-005-3581-8 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hagen, Edward H AU - Barrett, H Clark AU - Price, Michael E TI - Do human parents face a quantity-quality tradeoff?: Evidence from a Shuar community T2 - American Journal of Physical Anthropology VL - 130 IS - 3 SP - 405-418 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 AB - Abstract A number of evolutionary theories of human life history assume a quantity-quality tradeoff for offspring production: parents with fewer offspring can have higher biological fitness than those with more. Direct evidence for such a tradeoff, however, is mixed. We tested this assumption in a community of Ecuadorian Shuar hunter-horticulturalists, using child anthropometry as a proxy for fitness. We measured the impact of household consumer/producer (CP) ratio on height, weight, skinfold thicknesses, and arm and calf circumferences of 85 children and young adults. To control for possible “phenotypic” correlates that might mask the effect of CP ratio on anthropometry, we also measured household garden productivity, wealth, and social status. Regression models of the age-standardized variables indicated a significant negative impact of CP ratio on child growth and nutrition. The age-standardized height and weight of children in households with the largest CP ratio (10) were 1.38 and 1.44 standard deviations, respectively, below those of children in households with the smallest CP ratio (2). Surprisingly, garden productivity, wealth, and status had little to no effect on the fitness proxies. There was, however, an interesting and unexpected interaction between status and sex: for females, but not males, higher father status correlated significantly with higher values on the proxies. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. DO - 10.1002/ajpa.20272 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajpa.20272 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.20272 KW - parental investment theory, life history theory, anthropometry, growth, nutrition ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tønnessen, Marianne AU - Mussino, Eleonora TI - Fertility patterns of migrants from low-fertility countries in Norway T2 - Demographic Research VL - 42 SP - 859-874 PY - 2020 DA - 2020 PB - Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Wissenschaften AB - BACKGROUND Most research on migrant fertility focuses on immigrants from high-fertility countries who have moved to countries with lower fertility. Little is known about the fertility of immigrant women from countries where fertility is lower than in the destination country. OBJECTIVE This study investigates fertility rates among women from low-fertility countries who have moved to a country where fertility is comparatively higher (Norway). METHODS Register data on immigrant women from Poland, Lithuania, and Germany are used to calculate total fertility rates by duration of stay and to explore differences between family migrants and women who migrate for other reasons, between women of different ages at arrival, and between those who emigrated again and those who remained in Norway. RESULTS Among immigrants from low-fertility countries, total fertility rates are elevated in the first years after migration. This is particularly true for women from Poland and Lithuania, who often arrive as family migrants and at peak fertility age (25 to 34 years). CONTRIBUTION The fertility among migrants from low-fertility settings is often highest right after migration, particularly if they arrive as family migrants. Women with nonfamily reasons for migration have a time lag between immigration and peak fertility. The results underscore the usefulness of taking reason for and age at migration into account when studying immigrant fertility. SN - 1435-9871 UR - https://www.jstor.org/stable/26936811 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Andersson, Gunnar TI - Family Behaviour of Migrants T2 - Research Handbook on the Sociology of the Family PY - 2021 DA - 2021 PB - Edward Elgar Publishing ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dietz, Simon AU - Venmans, Frank TI - Cumulative carbon emissions and economic policy: In search of general principles T2 - Journal of Environmental Economics and Management VL - 96 SP - 108-129 PY - 2019 DA - 2019 AB - We exploit recent advances in climate science to develop a physically consistent, yet surprisingly simple, model of climate policy. It seems that key economic models have greatly overestimated the delay between carbon emissions and warming, and ignored the saturation of carbon sinks that takes place when the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide rises. This has important implications for climate policy. If carbon emissions are abated, damages are avoided almost immediately. Therefore it is optimal to reduce emissions significantly in the near term and bring about a slow transition to optimal peak warming, even if optimal steady-state/peak warming is high. The optimal carbon price should start relatively high and grow relatively fast. SN - 0095-0696 DO - 10.1016/j.jeem.2019.04.003 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0095069618302122 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2019.04.003 KW - Carbon price, Climate change, Cumulative emissions, Peak warming, Social cost of carbon ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bianchi, Suzanne M TI - Family Change and Time Allocation in American Families T2 - The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science VL - 638 IS - 1 SP - 21-44 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 AB - Delayed marriage and childbearing, more births outside marriage, the increase in women’s labor force participation, and the aging of the population have altered family life and created new challenges for those with caregiving demands. U.S. mothers have shed hours of housework but not the hours they devote to childrearing. Fathers have increased the time they spend on childcare. Intensive childrearing practices combine with more dual-earning and single parenting to increase the time demands on parents. Mothers continue to scale back paid work to meet childrearing demands. They also give up leisure time and report that they “are always rushed” and are “multitasking most of the time.” Time-stretched working couples reduce the time they spend with each other. A large percentage of both husbands and wives also report they have “too little time” for themselves. Delayed childbearing and the aging population also increase the likelihood that both (adult) children and elderly parents need support and care from workers later in life. DO - 10.1177/0002716211413731 UR - https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716211413731 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716211413731 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Esipova, Neli AU - Pugliese, Anita AU - Ray, Julie TI - More Than 750 Million Worldwide Would Migrate If They Could T2 - Gallup VL - https://news.gallup.com/poll/245255/750-million-worldwide-migrate.aspx PY - 2018 DA - 2018 Y2 - 2017/3/12 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Stern, Nicholas TI - The Economics of Climate Change: The Stern Review PY - 2007 DA - 2007 PB - Cambridge University Press DO - 10.1017/CBO9780511817434 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511817434 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Nordhaus, W D AU - Sztorc, P TI - DICE 2013R: Introduction and User's manual T2 - Technical Report, Yale University PY - 2013 DA - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Castro, L J AU - Rogers, A TI - What the age composition of migrants can tell us T2 - Population Bulletin of the United Nations VL - 15 SP - 63-79 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 ER - TY - JOUR AU - United Nations TI - World Population Prospects 2019, Online Edition. Rev. 1 T2 - Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division PY - 2019 DA - 2019 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Kaya, Yoichi AU - Yokobori, Keiichi TI - Environment, energy, and economy: Strategies for sustainability PY - 1997 DA - 1997 PB - United Nations University Press ER - TY - BOOK AU - Ipcc, TI - Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change PY - 2021 DA - 2021 PB - Cambridge University Press ER - TY - JOUR AU - Burke, Marshall AU - Hsiang, Solomon M AU - Miguel, Edward TI - Climate and Conflict T2 - Annual Review of Economics VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - 577-617 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 AB - We review the emerging literature on climate and conflict. We consider multiple types of human conflict, including both interpersonal conflict, such as assault and murder, and intergroup conflict, including riots and civil war. We discuss key methodological issues in estimating causal relationships and largely focus on natural experiments that exploit variation in climate over time. Using a hierarchical meta-analysis that allows us to both estimate the mean effect and quantify the degree of variability across 55 studies, we find that deviations from moderate temperatures and precipitation patterns systematically increase conflict risk. Contemporaneous temperature has the largest average impact, with each 1σ increase in temperature increasing interpersonal conflict by 2.4% and intergroup conflict by 11.3%. We conclude by highlighting research priorities, including a better understanding of the mechanisms linking climate to conflict, societies’ ability to adapt to climatic changes, and the likely impacts of future global warming. DO - 10.1146/annurev-economics-080614-115430 UR - https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-080614-115430 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-080614-115430 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Becker, Gary S AU - Lewis, H Gregg TI - On the Interaction between the Quantity and Quality of Children T2 - Journal of Political Economy VL - 81 IS - 2 SP - S279-S288 PY - 1973 DA - 1973 PB - University of Chicago Press SN - 0022-3808 UR - http://www.jstor.org/stable/1840425 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Harford, Jon D TI - The Ultimate Externality T2 - The American Economic Review VL - 88 IS - 1 SP - 260-265 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - American Economic Association SN - 0002-8282 UR - http://www.jstor.org/stable/116828 ER - TY - MISC AU - Closset, Mathilde AU - Feindouno, Sosso AU - Guillaumont, Patrick AU - Simonet, Catherine TI - A Physical Vulnerability to Climate Change Index: Which are the most vulnerable developing countries? PY - 2017 DA - 2017/12 UR - https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01719925 N1 - Ferdi Working paper P213 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sarkodie, Samuel Asumadu AU - Strezov, Vladimir TI - Economic, social and governance adaptation readiness for mitigation of climate change vulnerability: Evidence from 192 countries T2 - Science of The Total Environment VL - 656 SP - 150-164 PY - 2019 DA - 2019 AB - Adaptation strategies have become critical in climate change mitigation and impact reduction, to safeguard population and the ecosystem from irreparable damage. While developed countries have integrated adaptation plans and policies into their developmental agenda, developing countries are facilitating or yet to initiate adaptation policies in their development. This study examines the nexus between climate change vulnerability and adaptation readiness in 192 UN countries using mapping and panel data models. The study reveals Africa as the most vulnerable continent to climate change with high sensitivity, high exposure, and low adaptive capacity. Developed countries, including Norway, Switzerland, Canada, Sweden, United Kingdom, Finland, France, Spain, and Germany, are less vulnerable to climate change due to strong economic, governance and social adaptation readiness. International commitment from developed countries to developing countries is essential to strengthen their resilience, economic readiness and adaptive capacity to climate-related events. SN - 0048-9697 DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.349 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969718347053 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.349 KW - Climate change, Adaptation readiness, Climate change vulnerability, Adaptive capacity, Climate change sensitivity, Climate change exposure ER - TY - CHAP AU - Robinson, James A AU - Srinivasan, T N TI - Chapter 21: Long-term consequences of population growth: Technological change, natural resources, and the environment T2 - Handbook of Population and Family Economics VL - 1 SP - 1175-1298 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 PB - Elsevier AB - Publisher Summary This chapter explores the long-term implications of population growth and its interaction with technological change, resources utilization, and the environment. The interaction among economic growth, population dynamics, and resource use is complex and the jointly endogenous outcome of the whole process of evolution and development of the economic and social system. While, in the long run, population size and growth may not be a key issue in the process of development, it may be an important issue in the short run. This is so because most of the costs are in short run, while the benefits are enjoyed over longer time scales. As such, population policy may be useful in allowing any benefits to accrue. The theoretical literature on fertility and population growth also needs to be extended to allow for more disaggregated models of household decision-making and for a better integration with the social environment. Most environmental disasters are because of the same types of problems that themselves impede development—inefficient policies, the failure to enforce property rights, or inefficient structures of incentives. It is the interaction of population growth with these that causes it to have its worst effects. DO - 10.1016/S1574-003X(97)80013-X UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1574003X9780013X UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1574-003X(97)80013-X ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schou, Poul TI - Pollution Externalities in a Model of Endogenous Fertility and Growth T2 - International Tax and Public Finance VL - 9 IS - 6 SP - 709-725 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 PB - American Economic Association SN - 1573-6970 DO - 10.1023/A:1020963114245 UR - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020963114245 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020963114245 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cafaro, Philip TI - Climate ethics and population policy T2 - WIREs Climate Change VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - 45-61 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 AB - Abstract According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, human population growth is one of the two primary causes of increased greenhouse gas emissions and accelerating global climate change. Slowing or ending population growth could be a cost effective, environmentally advantageous means to mitigate climate change, providing important benefits to both human and natural communities. Yet population policy has attracted relatively little attention from ethicists, policy analysts, or policy makers dealing with this issue. In part, this is because addressing population matters means wading into a host of contentious ethical issues, including family planning, abortion, and immigration. This article reviews the scientific literature regarding voluntary population control's potential contribution to climate change mitigation. It considers possible reasons for the failure of climate ethicists, analysts, and policy makers to adequately assess that contribution or implement policies that take advantage of it, with particular reference to the resistance to accepting limits to growth. It explores some of the ethical issues at stake, considering arguments for and against noncoercive population control and asking whether coercive population policies are ever morally justified. It also argues that three consensus positions in the climate ethics literature regarding acceptable levels of risk, unacceptable harms, and a putative right to economic development, necessarily imply support for voluntary population control. WIREs Clim Change 2012, 3:45–61. doi: 10.1002/wcc.153 This article is categorized under: Climate, Nature, and Ethics > Climate Change and Global Justice DO - 10.1002/wcc.153 UR - https://wires.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/wcc.153 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wcc.153 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Sasser, Jade S TI - On Infertile Ground: Population Control and Women's Rights in the Era of Climate Change PY - 2018 DA - 2018 PB - NYU Press AB - A critique of population control narratives reproduced by international development actors in the 21st century Since the turn of the millennium, American media, scientists, and environmental activists have insisted that the global population crisis is "back"-and that the only way to avoid catastrophic climate change is to ensure women's universal access to contraception. Did the population problem ever disappear? What is bringing it back-and why now? In On Infertile Ground, Jade S. Sasser explores how a small network of international development actors, including private donors, NGO program managers, scientists, and youth advocates, is bringing population back to the center of public environmental debate. While these narratives never disappeared, Sasser argues, histories of human rights abuses, racism, and a conservative backlash against abortion in the 1980s drove them underground-until now. Using interviews and case studies from a wide range of sites-from Silicon Valley foundation headquarters to youth advocacy trainings, the halls of Congress and an international climate change conference-Sasser demonstrates how population growth has been reframed as an urgent source of climate crisis and a unique opportunity to support women's sexual and reproductive health and rights. ­Although well-intentioned-promoting positive action, women's empowerment, and moral accountability to a global community-these groups also perpetuate the same myths about the sexuality and lack of virtue and control of women and the people of global south that have been debunked for decades. Unless the development community recognizes the pervasive repackaging of failed narratives, Sasser argues, true change and development progress will not be possible. On Infertile Ground presents a unique critique of international development that blends the study of feminism, environmentalism, and activism in a groundbreaking way. It will make any development professional take a second look at the ideals driving their work. SN - 9781479873432 UR - http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvwrm4k0 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hendrixson, Anne AU - Ojeda, Diana AU - Sasser, Jade S AU - Nadimpally, Sarojini AU - Foley, Ellen E AU - Bhatia, Rajani TI - Confronting populationism: Feminist challenges to population control in an era of climate change T2 - Gender, Place & Culture VL - 27 IS - 3 SP - 307-315 PY - 2020 DA - 2020 PB - Routledge AB - AbstractIn this themed section, we identify three forms of populationism and bring them into conversation, which allows us to mount feminist challenges to present day forms of population control. These interventions are timely and necessary because of the continued prevalence of population control ideology and population alarmism in sustainable development and climate change policy and programs. We issue a direct challenge to scholarship that links population reduction with climate change adaptation and mitigation and the survival of the planet. The introduction provides an overview of our key argument, that seemingly disparate phenomena—technocratic approaches to fertility control, climate change securitization, Zika assemblages, neo-Malthusian articulations of the Anthropocene, and ‘climate-smart’ agriculture—are entangled with and expressions of demo, geo and biopopulationisms. We employ feminist critiques to contest these manifestations of population control that restrict bodies, reinforce boundaries, and create spaces of exclusion and violence. DO - 10.1080/0966369X.2019.1639634 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/0966369X.2019.1639634 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0966369X.2019.1639634 ER -