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Blastocystis subtyping and its association with intestinal parasites in children from different geographical regions of Colombia
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Ramírez, Juan David
Flórez, Carolina
Olivera, Mario
Bernal, María Consuelo
Giraldo, Julio Cesar
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2017-02-21
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Abstract
Blastocystis is a common enteric protist colonizing probably more than 1 billion people with a large variety of non-human hosts. Remarkable genetic diversity has been observed, leading to the subdivision of the genus into multiple subtypes (ST), some of which are exclusively found in non-human hosts. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of Blastocystis STs/18S alleles in symptomatic (abdominal pain, anal pruritus, diarrhea, headache, nauseas and/or vomit) and asymptomatic children from nine geographical regions of Colombia. A total of 2026 fecal samples were collected as part of a national survey to estimate the frequency of intestinal parasites in children. A set of 256 samples that were Blastocystis positive was finally selected. The samples were submitted to DNA extraction, Real Time PCR and sequencing using Blastocystis-specific primers targeting the small subunit rRNA gene for ST identification. DNA of Ascaris lumbricoides (16.4%), Trichuris trichiura (8.2%), hookworms (Necator americanus/Ancylostoma duodenale) (7.3%), Giardia duodenalis (23.1%), Entamoeba complex (82%), Entamoeba coli (55%), Hymenolepis nana (0.8%), Endolimax nana (33.2%) and Neobalantidium coli (2.7%) was detected in the Blastocystispositive samples. We detected ST1 (21.4%), ST2 (19.5%), ST3 (55.5%), ST4 (0.8%), ST6 (2%) and ST7 (0.8%); alleles 1, 2, 4, 81, 82 and 83 for ST1; alleles 9, 11, 12, 15, 67, 71 and 73 for ST2; alleles 34, 36, 38, 45, 49, 55, 134 and 128 for ST3; allele 42 for ST4; allele 122 for ST6, and allele 142 for ST7. Further studies implementing high-resolution molecular markers are necessary to understand the dynamics of Blastocystis transmission and the role of this Stramenopila in health and disease. © 2017 Ramírez et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Palabras clave
Dolor abdominal , Protozoario , Ribosomal , Taxonómico , Adolescente , Viejo que pica , Lombriz intestinal , Infección asintomática , Blastocistosis , Niño , Estudio controlado , Diarrea , Código de barras de ADN , Madre endolímax , Entamoeba , Entamoeba Coli , Secuencia de genes , Distribución geográfica , Giardia intestinalis , Dolor de cabeza , Humano , Himenolepis nana , Parásito del intestino , Masculino , Diagnóstico Molecular , Tipificación molecular , Nausea , Asesino americano , Neobalantidium Coli , No humano , Secuencia de nucleótidos , Reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo real , Vómitos , Enfermedad asintomática , Infecciones por blastocistis , Clasificación , Estudio comparativo , Código de barras de ADN , Heces , Variación genética , Genética , Encuesta de Salud , Infección intestinal , Aislamiento y Purificación , Geografía Médica , Infección mixta , Parasitología , Niño preescolar , Ribotipado , Diferencia de especies , ADN protozoario , ARN protozoario , ADN ribosomal , Rna 18S , Adolescente , Alelos , Enfermedades Asintomáticas , Infecciones por blastocistis , Coinfección , ADN , Reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo real , Ribotipado , ARN, Ribosomal, 18S , Especificidad de especie
Keywords
Medical , Parasitic , Preschool , Protozoan , Species Specificity , Blastocystis , Female , Rna, Ribosomal, 18S , Ribotyping , Child , Reaction , Geography , Humans , Intestinal Diseases , RNA , Real-Time Polymerase Chain , DNA , Coinfection , Blastocystis Infections , Alleles , Asymptomatic Diseases , Adolescent , Ribosome Dna , Protozoal Dna , Protozoal Rna , Species Difference , Ribotyping , Preschool Child , Parasitolog , Mixed Infection , Medical Geography , Isolation And Purification , Intestine Infection , Health Survey , Genetics , Variación genética , Genetic Variation , Feces , Dna Barcoding , Comparative Study , Classification , Blastocystis Infections , Asymptomatic Disease , Vomiting , Reaction , Real Time Polymerase Chain , Nucleotide Sequence , Necator Americanus , Nonhuman , Molecular Typing , Molecular Diagnosis , Intestine Parasite , Male , Hymenolepis Nana , Human , Headache , Geographic Distribution , Gene Sequence , Endolimax Nana , Dna Barcoding , Controlled Study , Blastocystosis , Asymptomatic Infection , Asymptomatic Infection , Anus Pruritus , Ancylostoma Duodenale , Taxonomic , Adolescent , Protozoan , Abdominal Pain , Diarrhea , Allele
