<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="static/style.xsl"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-04-26T23:30:46Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/19032" metadataPrefix="dim">https://repository.urosario.edu.co/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/19032</identifier><datestamp>2019-09-19T07:37:54Z</datestamp><setSpec>com_10336_39998</setSpec><setSpec>com_10336_563</setSpec><setSpec>col_10336_683</setSpec></header><metadata><dim:dim xmlns:dim="http://www.dspace.org/xmlns/dspace/dim" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:doc="http://www.lyncode.com/xoai" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.dspace.org/xmlns/dspace/dim http://www.dspace.org/schema/dim.xsd">
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="creator" authority="44b6886e-f945-48b6-a6d2-ed69a4d196af" confidence="600">Galindo-Mendez, Brahyan</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="creator" authority="72ab75f6-ecf0-4660-bd8f-6a9f6b91d2fb" confidence="600">Mayor, Luis C.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="creator" authority="17171612" confidence="600">Velandia Hurtado, Fernando Alfredo</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="creator" authority="79733068" confidence="600">Calderón Ospina, Carlos Alberto</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="creator" qualifier="google">Galindo-Mendez, Brahyan</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="creator" qualifier="google">Mayor, Luis C.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="creator" qualifier="google">Velandia-Hurtado, Fernando</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="creator" qualifier="google">Calderon-Ospina, Carlos</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="accessioned">2019-02-08T21:09:10Z</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="available">2019-02-08T21:09:10Z</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="created">2015</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="issued">2015</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" qualifier="abstract" lang="eng">Medically intractable epilepsy is a clinical condition of concern that arises when a patient with epilepsy suffers seizures, despite a trial of two or more antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) suitable for the type of epilepsy that are prescribed at maximum tolerated doses, does not achieve control of seizures. This diagnosis could be related to cortical dysplasias. We report the case of a 5-year-old girl with a previous normal neurological development and no family history of epilepsy who presented with focal-type seizures at age 4. She started treatment by taking different AEDs for seizure control. She continued having frequent seizures that sometimes progressed to generalized seizures and status epilepticus. After a focal cortical resection performed in the area where interictal spikes were detected, the pathology confirmed a type IIb cortical dysplasia as the cause of the epilepsy. This article discusses cortical dysplasias as a cause of pharmacoresistant epilepsy and its treatment. © 2015 The Authors.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="format" qualifier="mimetype">application/pdf</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="identifier" qualifier="issn">ISSN 2213-3232</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="identifier" qualifier="uri">http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/19032</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="language" qualifier="iso" lang="spa">eng</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="relation" qualifier="citationEndPage">8</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="relation" qualifier="citationStartPage">6</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="relation" qualifier="citationTitle">Epilepsy and Behavior Case Reports</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="relation" qualifier="citationVolume">Vol. 4</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="relation" qualifier="ispartof" lang="spa">Epilepsy and Behavior Case Reports, ISSN: 2213-3232, Vol. 4 (2015) pp. 6-8</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="relation" qualifier="uri" lang="spa">https://ac.els-cdn.com/S2213323215000122/1-s2.0-S2213323215000122-main.pdf?_tid=49d8aeaf-6824-4c12-9de0-f79b4ba884c5&amp;acdnat=1540056559_255e913a891300b3ccc0f5611b6541f6</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="rights" qualifier="accesRights">info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="rights" qualifier="acceso" lang="spa">Abierto (Texto Completo)</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="rights" qualifier="cc" lang="spa">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="source" qualifier="bibliographicCitation" lang="spa">Wirrel, E.C., Predicting pharmacoresistance in pediatric epilepsy (2013) Epilepsia, 54, pp. 19-22</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="source" qualifier="instname">instname:Universidad del Rosario</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="source" qualifier="reponame">reponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="spa">Anticonvulsants</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="spa">Cortical Dysplasia-Focal Epilepsy Syndrome</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="spa">Drug Resistance</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="spa">Epilepsy</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="spa">Malformations Of Cortical Development</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="ddc" lang="spa" authority="616" confidence="600">Enfermedades</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Anticonvulsive Agent</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Carbamazepine</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Clonazepam</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Etiracetam</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Gabapentin</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Harkoseride</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Lamotrigine</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Midazolam</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Oxcarbazepine</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Phenobarbital</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Primidone</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Topiramate</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Article</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Ataxia</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Brain Cortex Lesion</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Brain Surgery</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Case Report</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Child</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Cortical Dysplasia</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Disease Control</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Disease Course</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Drug Eruption</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Drug Treatment Failure</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Epileptic State</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Family History</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Female</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Focal Epilepsy</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Human</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Intractable Epilepsy</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Nervous System Development</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Onset Age</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Preschool Child</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Priority Journal</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Seizure</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="decs" lang="spa">Tonic Clonic Seizure</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="lemb" lang="spa">Epilepsia</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="lemb" lang="spa">Convulsiones</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="lemb" lang="spa">Niños epilépticos</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="title" lang="spa">Failure of antiepileptic drugs in controlling seizures in epilepsy : What do we do next?</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="type" lang="eng">article</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="type" qualifier="hasVersion">info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="type" qualifier="spa" lang="spa">Artículo</dim:field>
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