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Chlamydia trachomatis frequency in a cohort of HPV-infected colombian women
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Quinónez-Calvache, Edith Margarita
Rios-Chaparro, Dora-Ines
Ramírez, Juan David
Soto-De León, Sara Cecilia
Camargo, Milena
Del Río-Ospina, Luisa
Sánchez, Ricardo
Patarroyo, Manuel Elkin
Patarroyo, Manuel A.
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2016
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Abstract
Background Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis), an obligate intracellular bacterium, is the commonest infectious bacterial agent of sexual transmission throughout the world. It has been shown that the presence of this bacteria in the cervix represents a risk regarding HPV persistence and, thereafter, in developing cervical cancer (CC). Prevalence rates may vary from 2% to 17% in asymptomatic females, depending on the population being analysed. This study reports the identification of C. trachomatis in a cohort of 219 HPV-infected Colombian females. Methods C. trachomatis infection frequency was determined during each of the study’s follow-up visits; it was detected by amplifying the cryptic plasmid sequence by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using two sets of primers: KL5/KL6 and KL1/KL2. Infection was defined as a positive PCR result using either set of primers at any time during the study. Cox proportional risk models were used for evaluating the association between the appearance of infection and a group of independent variables. Results Base line C. trachomatis infection frequency was 28% (n = 61). Most females infected by C. trachomatis were infected by multiple types of HPV (77.42%), greater prevalence occurring in females infected with HPV-16 (19.18%), followed by HPV-58 (17.81%). It was observed that females having had the most sexual partners (HR = 6.44: 1.59–26.05 95%CI) or infection with multiple types of HPV (HR = 2.85: 1.22–6.63 95%CI) had the greatest risk of developing C. trachomatis. Conclusions The study provides data regarding the epidemiology of C. trachomatis /HPV coinfection in different population groups of Colombian females and contributes towards understanding the natural history of C. trachomatis infection. © 2016 Quinónez-Calvache et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Palabras clave
Adolescente , Envejecido , Identificación de bacterias , Clamidiasis , Análisis de cohortes , Pareja sexual concurrente , Estudio controlado , Curso de Enfermedad , Hacer un seguimiento , Amplificación de genes , Población de alto riesgo , Humano , Virus del papiloma humano tipo 16 , Virus del papiloma humano tipo 18 , Virus del papiloma humano tipo 31 , Virus del papiloma humano tipo 33 , Virus del papiloma humano tipo 45 , Virus del papiloma humano tipo 58 , Riesgo de infección , Estudio clínico principal , Infección mixta , Morbosidad , No humano , Infección por virus del papiloma , Reacción en cadena de la polimerasa , Predominio , Análisis de secuencia , Infecciones por clamidia , Coinfección , Aislamiento y Purificación , papilomaviridae , Infecciones por virus del papiloma , Sexualidad , Adulto joven , Prevalence , Parejas sexuales
Keywords
Adult , Adolescent , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Bacterium Identification , Humans , Chlamydiasis , Cohort Analysis , Concurrent Sexual Partnership , Controlled Study , Disease Course , Follow Up , Gene Amplification , High Risk Population , Human , Human Papillomavirus Type 16 , Human Papillomavirus Type 18 , Human Papillomavirus Type 31 , Human Papillomavirus Type 33 , Human Papillomavirus Type 45 , Human Papillomavirus Type 58 , Infection Risk , Major Clinical Study , Mixed Infection , Morbidity , Nonhuman , Papillomavirus Infection , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prevalence , Sequence Analysis , Chlamydia Infections , Coinfection , Isolation And Purification , Papillomaviridae , Papillomavirus Infections , Sexuality , Young Adult , Sexual Partners , Chlamydia Trachomatis
