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Expression of the major and pro-oncogenic H3K9 lysine methyltransferase SETDB1 in non-small cell lung cancer

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Cruz-Tapias, Paola
Zakharova, Vlada
Perez-Fernandez, Oscar M
Mantilla, William
Ramírez Clavijo, Sandra Rocío
Ait-Si-Ali, Slimane

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2019

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MDPI AG

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Abstract
SETDB1 is a key histone lysine methyltransferase involved in gene silencing. The SETDB1 gene is amplified in human lung cancer, where the protein plays a driver role. Here, we investigated the clinical significance of SETDB1 expression in the two major forms of human non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), i.e., adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), by combining a meta-analysis of transcriptomic datasets and a systematic review of the literature. A total of 1140 NSCLC patients and 952 controls were included in the association analyses. Our data revealed higher levels of SETDB1 mRNA in ADC (standardized mean difference, SMD: 0.88; 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.73–1.02; p less than 0.001) and SCC (SMD: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.13–0.66; p = 0.003) compared to non-cancerous tissues. For clinicopathological analyses, 2533 ADC and 903 SCC patients were included. Interestingly, SETDB1 mRNA level was increased in NSCLC patients who were current smokers compared to non-smokers (SMD: 0.26; 95% CI: 0.08–0.44; p = 0.004), and when comparing former smokers and non-smokers (p = 0.009). Furthermore, the area under the curve (AUC) given by the summary receiver operator characteristic curve (sROC) was 0.774 (Q = 0.713). Together, our findings suggest a strong foundation for further research to evaluate SETDB1 as a diagnostic biomarker and/or its potential use as a therapeutic target in NSCLC. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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Histone lysine methyltransferase , Messenger rna , Setdb1 protein , Unclassified drug , Article , Controlled study , Disease association , Female , Gene , Human , Human tissue , Lung adenocarcinoma , Major clinical study , Male , Non small cell lung cancer , Pathology , Protein expression , Setdb1 gene , Smoking , Squamous cell lung carcinoma , Transcriptomics , Lysine methyltransferase , Meta-analysis , Non-small cell lung cancer , Setdb1/kmt1e
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