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ÍtemSolo MetadatosPlasma exchange therapy for a severe relapse of Devic's disease in a pregnant woman: A case report and concise review(2016) Tabares, Jonathan Rubio; Gonzalez, Pablo Felipe AmayaNeuromyelitis optica (NMO) or Devic's disease is an autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating condition affecting the central nervous system (CNS). It was initially believed to be a variant of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the discovery of NMO-IgG anti-AQP4 antibodies marked an objective distinction between these conditions. Treatment of acute attacks is generally based on pulsed steroids, followed by long-term immunosuppression with azathioprine, oral steroids, and rituximab as first-line therapies. Plasma exchange therapy is indicated for steroid-resistant relapses. We describe a case report of a pregnant woman with a severe relapse of Devic's disease, initially misdiagnosed as MS, unresponsive to pulsed steroids, and who underwent plasma exchange therapy safely, with excellent clinical response and with no adverse outcome for the fetus. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.- ÍtemSolo MetadatosNorthernmost tip of South America: Giant testudinids, chelids, and podocnemidids from the castilletes formation, Colombia(2015-02-01) Cadena, Edwin AlbertoHere we describe the northernmost South American record of fossil turtles from the late early Miocene to early middle Miocene of the Castilletes Formation, on the Alta Guajira Peninsula, Cocinetas basin, Colombia. Turtles in the lower segment of the Castilletes Formation (c. 16.33 Ma) are pleurodires or side-necked turtles belonging to Chelus colombiana Wood, Chelus sp., and Podocnemididae incertae sedis, and cryptodires or hidden-necked turtles attributed to Chelonoidis sp., all of them characterized by the large size of their shells, 1 meter or more total length. The middle segment of the formation (c. 14 Ma) contains specimens of Podocnemididae incertae sedis and Chelonoidis sp. The turtle fauna from Castilletes share taxa with faunas from La Venta (middle—late Miocene of Colombia), Urumaco, and Western Amazonia (late Miocene from Venezuela, Brazil, and Peru); all of these records indicate a wider geographical distribution for podocnemidids, chelids, and testudinids of tropical South America during the early to middle Miocene. The large size of the fossils described here also confirms that gigantism was characteristic of South American tropical turtles during the early Miocene, a trend that lasted at least from the Paleocene to the Pliocene in different lineages.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosHistidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution versus blood cardioplegia in cardiac surgery: A propensity-score matched analysis(2018) Pizano, Alejandro; Montes, Felix Ramon; Carreño, Marisol; Echeverri, Dario; Umaña, Juan PabloBackground: Choosing a cardioplegic solution is a significant issue in modern cardiac surgery. Although different options are available, the optimal strategy for myocardial protection has not been established. The aim of this study was to compare intraoperative and postoperative effects of histidine–tryptophan–ketoglutarate (HTK) solution with those of standard blood cardioplegia with St Thomas No 2 solution. The study was conducted using a large cohort of adult patients undergoing complex cardiac surgery. Methods: This study was a single center retrospective review of prospectively collected data. Between January 2008 and December 2015, 4480 patients underwent cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and cardioplegic arrest. Patients were divided into a blood cardioplegia group (n = 3852) and an HTK solution group (n = 628). Propensity score matching was used to adjust for differences between the two groups, and 292 matched pairs were identified. The primary end point was Intensive Care Unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS). Secondary end points included intraoperative changes in serum sodium concentration, readmission to ICU, transfusion of blood products, 30-day hospital readmission, 30-day mortality, and the incidence of major postoperative complications. Results: No significant differences were found between the matched groups with regard to baseline characteristics. Aortic cross-clamp and CPB times were longer for the blood cardioplegia (147.4 versus 132.8 min; P less than .001). Administration of HTK solution was associated with acute and transient hyponatremia (141 versus 130 mmol/L; P less than .001). ICU LOS was comparable between the groups (5.4 versus 5.4 days; P = .585). No significant differences were noted in any other secondary end point. Conclusions: During complex cardiac surgery, both cardioplegia techniques were equivalent in terms of early clinical outcomes. © 2018 Forum Multimedia Publishing, LLC.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosThe determinants of two-dimensional service quality in the drinking water sector - Evidence from Colombia(2016) Li, Fan; Wang, Wei; Ramírez, Luis Hernando GutiérrezQuality of drinking water service is considered in two dimensions: Tangibles (measured by sediment, taste, smell, and color) and reliability (measured by service continuity). Using a large and unique household-level dataset, we study important factors that are related to these dimensions in the Colombian drinking water sector. Based on the network design of pumping, purification, and delivery, our main findings are: (1) compared to users who do not receive a subsidy for water consumption, users who receive a subsidy report less reliable service while tangibles of water quality do not show significant difference between the reports of these two types of users; and (2) compared to water supplied by public providers, water supplied by community providers shows worse tangibles, while service reliability does not show significant difference between these two types of providers. These results suggest that Colombia water reform should not only aim to expand service and prompt water usage for the poor, but also strengthen quality control in multiple dimensions. © IWA Publishing 2016.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosMiocene turtles from the northernmost tip of South America; giant tortoises, chelids, and podocnemidids from Castilletes Formation, Colombia(2015) Cadena, Edwin Alberto; Jaramillo, Carlos Aere we describe the northernmost South American record of fossil turtles from the late early Miocene to early middle Miocene of the Castilletes Formation, on the Alta Guajira Peninsula, Cocinetas basin, Colombia. Turtles in the lower segment of the Castilletes Formation (c. 16.33 Ma) are pleurodires or side-necked turtles belonging to Chelus colombiana Wood, Chelus sp., and Podocnemididae incertae sedis, and cryptodires or hidden-necked turtles attributed to Chelonoidis sp., all of them characterized by the large size of their shells, 1 meter or more total length. The middle segment of the formation (c. 14 Ma) contains specimens of Podocnemididae incertae sedis and Chelonoidis sp. The turtle fauna from Castilletes share taxa with faunas from La Venta (middle–late Miocene of Colombia), Urumaco, and Western Amazonia (late Miocene from Venezuela, Brazil, and Peru); all of these records indicate a wider geographical distribution for podocnemidids, chelids, and testudinids of tropical South America during the early to middle Miocene. The large size of the fossils described here also confirms that gigantism was characteristic of South American tropical turtles during the early Miocene, a trend that lasted at least from the Paleocene to the Pliocene in different lineages.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosParamilitarism and music in Colombia An analysis of the corridos paracos(2019) Caro E.B.; Suavita J.R.Colombia has experienced violence at the hands of both guerrillas and paramilitaries fighting to control territories, drug trafficking, and gain political influence. Though in recent years armed activities by both groups has subsided, their conflicting ideologies are visible in several contexts in today's polarized Colombia. We tend to think about conflict in terms of bullets and people in military uniforms, but discourses of conflict are also evident in popular culture, such as music. In this paper, we analyse 19 corridos paracos, videos produced by sympathisers of Right-wing guerrilla groups, to demonstrate how this is done. Here, we find songs present a messianic portrayal of the paramilitary along with sexist ideas as the representation of manliness. Moreover, there is an almost total absence of peaceful actions in the lyrics, and an exaltation of brutality and terrorism. In a political context which cries out for reconciliation, these do little to this end. © John Benjamins Publishing Company.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosPrevalence of delayed neurodevelopment in children from Bogotá, Colombia, South America(2007) Vélez van Meerbeke, Alberto Francisco; Talero Gutiérrez, Claudia; González Reyes, Rodrigo EstebanBackground: Undiagnosed children with neurodevelopment delay disorders (NDD) frequently experience school difficulties, leading to school desertion or academic failure with subsequent familial, social and work-related problems. Methods: In 2004-2005, we conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of developmental delay among preschoolers in Bogotá (Colombia); convenience samples in several socioeconomic areas of the city were screened to define the prevalence of NDD. Parents and teachers were interviewed to identify children with possible NDD. Selected children were evaluated with a neurodevelopmental abbreviated scale (EAD-1). Results: We screened 2,043 preschool children aged less than 60 months; 288 suspected cases were examined individually using the EAD-1 scale. One or more abnormal items (alert category) were found in 67 (23.3%) children, for an estimated prevalence of 32.8‰ children less than 5 years of age, including deficits in gross motor function (9.3‰), personal-social interactions (9.8‰), fine motor skills (10.3‰), auditory language delay (18.6‰) and overall delay (10.8‰). Conclusions: There is limited information regarding the prevalence of neurodevelopmental delay in nonindustrialized countries. The prevalence obtained in Bogotá, Colombia, is within the expected range; however, we identified NDD among apparently healthy children from nurseries and kindergartens, who had previously been undiagnosed and untreated. Lack of evaluation of developmental milestones in children in Colombia is a substantial public health problem that will require effective intervention. Copyright © 2007 S. Karger AG.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosCalidad de vida y percepción de apoyo social en personas con HIV en Bogotá, Colombia(2018-03-22) Moreno-Montoya, Jose; Barragán González, Ana María; Martínez Matheus, Margin del Socorro; Rodríguez, Amanda; González, Ángela CarmelaEn estudios llevados a cabo en paises desarrollados se ha establecido que las personas con HIV/sida refieren tener una menos calidad de vida y menor apoyo social.Objetivo. Explorar la asociacion entre la percepcion del apoyo social afectivo o de personas de confianza y cada dimension de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en personas con HIV/sida en Bogota.Materiales y metodos. Se hizo un estudio de corte transversal en personas con HIV/sida seleccionadas por conveniencia, en el marco de un programa de atencion en una red hospitalaria de Bogota. Se utilizaron los cuestionarios de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud SF36 y el cuestionario generico de apoyo social funcional Duke-UNC-11. Se utilizaron modelos de regresion lineal en el analisis.Resultados. Se evidencio una relacion directa entre la dimension del bienestar emocional de la calidad de vida, el apoyo social afectivo (SS=7,36; IC95% 1,04-13,68) y el de personas de confianza (SS=11,63; IC95% 5,30-17,96), asi como entre las dimensiones de la funcion fisica, el desempeno emocional y el dolor corporal y la percepcion del apoyo social de tipo afectivo, y entre el apoyo social de personas de confianza y las dimensiones de la vitalidad y la funcion social. Se encontro una relacion inversa entre los promedios de los puntajes de las dimensiones de desempeno emocional, desempeno fisico y salud general y la percepcion del apoyo social de tipo afectivo con la primera dimension y el de personas de confianza con las dos ultimas.Conclusiones. Los sujetos con una mejor percepcion del apoyo social reportaron una mejor calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, lo cual puede servir de base para la planeacion, el diseno y la implementacion de planes de atencion medica que incorporen variables clinicas, paraclinicas y del entorno del paciente.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosAssociation of polymorphic variants of PTPN22, TNF and VDR genes in children with lupus nephritis: A study in Colombian family triads(2017-06-01) Garavito, Gloria; Egea, Eduardo; Fang, Luis; Malagón, Clara; Olmos, Carlos; González, Luz; Guarnizo, Pilar; Aroca, Gustavo; López, Guillermo; Iglesias, AntonioIntroduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease in which the severity varies according to race, sex and age of onset. This variation is also observed in the genetic markers associated with the disease, including PTPN22, VDR and TNF genes. The genetic stratification in different populations worldwide can influence the variability.Objective: To analyze the heritability of PTPN22, VDR and TNF genetic variants and their association with pediatric lupus nephritis in Colombian families.Materials and methods: We conducted a family-based study including 46 triads (case, father and mother). The variants rs2476601 of PTPN22; rs361525 and rs1800629 of TNF, and TaqI [rs731236], ApaI [rs7975232], BsmI [rs1544410] and FokI [rs2228570] of VDR were genotyped by qPCR. The effects of overtransmission of the risk allele from parents to children and linkage disequilibrium at the VDR and TNF loci were estimated.Results: We found that allele A of rs2476601 in PTPN22 was distributed among 8.69 % (n=16) of the parents and 19.5 % (n=18) of the cases; this allele was overtransmitted from parents to children 17 times more often than the G allele (p=0.028). TNF and VDR polymorphisms did not exhibit transmission disequilibrium. VDR TaqI, ApaI and BsmI variants exhibited linkage disequilibrium.Conclusion: These findings showed an association between the PTPN22 rs2476601 polymorphism and pediatric lupus nephritis due to its overtransmission in the group of families studied.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosLa justicia transicional en Colombia: ¿Un instrumento creado para erradicar la impunidad?(2017-05-15) Loyo Cabezudo, JoanaEl Acuerdo Final de 12 de noviembre de 2016 entre el Gobierno de Colombia y lasFARC-EP para poner fin al conflicto plantea, en la parte relativa al Acuerdo sobreVíctimas, complejos debates en torno a su adecuación a los estándares internacionales previstos, especialmente al Estatuto de Roma de la Corte Penal Internacional.El presente ensayo aborda la cuestión relativa a si el Acuerdo es un instrumentodirigido o no a erradicar la impunidad. Para ello analiza desde el punto de vistadel Derecho internacional qué implica la impunidad, la relación que ésta mantienecon la justicia transicional y la influencia que la Corte Penal Internacional ejerce enestos procesos transicionales.
