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Phosphodiesterase inhibitor pentoxifylline: An antiinflammatory/immunomodulatory drug potentially useful in some rheumatic diseases
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor pentoxifylline: an antiinflammatory/immunomodulatory drug potentially useful in some rheumatic diseases: Adjuvants, Immunologic/therapeutic use, Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use, Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy in Humans
A tale of two coffees? Analysing interaction and futures market efficiency
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to assess the informational efficiency of Arabica (other milds) and Robusta coffee futures markets in terms of predicting future coffee spot prices. Design/methodology/approach: Futures market efficiency is associated with the existence of a long-run equilibrium relationship between spot and future prices such that coffee futures prices are unbiased predictors of future spot prices. This study applies unit root testing to daily data for futures-spot price differentials. A range of maturities for futures contracts are considered, and the study also uses a recursive approach to consider time variation in futures market efficiency. Findings: The other milds and Robusta futures prices tend to be unbiased predictors for their own respective spot prices. The paper further finds that other milds and Robusta futures prices are unbiased predictors of the respective Robusta and other milds spot prices. Recursive estimation suggests that the futures market efficiency associated with these cross cases has increased, though with no clear link to the implementation of the 2007 International Coffee Agreement. Originality/value: The paper draws new insights into futures market efficiency by examining the two key types of coffee and analyses the potential interactions between them. Hitherto, no attention has been paid to futures contracts of the Robusta variety. The employment of unit root testing of spot futures coffee price differentials can be viewed as more stringent than an approach based on non-cointegration testing. © 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited.
Socioeconomic factors associated with dysentery in children under-five years from developing countries
Objective dysentery accounts for 10% of all causes of acute diarrhea in the world, and recognition of implicit proximal and distal social factors at different levels would impact all related outcomes. Our purpose is to identify the characteristics of the mother, home and country that favor the presence of dysentery in children under 5 years of age.
Entre cooperación y competición: el debate alrededor de las nuevas relaciones trasatlánticas de seguridad entre Estados Unidos y la Unión Europea
Urban forest structure effects on property value
Studies have quantified urban forests using well established field sampling methods. Other studies have used hedonic regression with real estate prices and remotely sensed vegetation cover data in valuation models. However, remote sensing introduces unfamiliar perspectives since it changes the scale and resolution perceived by humans. Real estate prices also fluctuate and are not regularly used in urban decision-making processes. This study values an urban forest cultural ecosystem service by integrating an explanatory hedonic regression model with randomly field-measured tree, shrub, and turf data from four cities across Florida, USA, during 2006–2009, and congruent parcel tract-level home attributes and appraised property values from single and multi-family units for 2008–2009. Results, on average, indicate trade-offs in that more trees with greater Leaf Area Indices (LAIs) add to property value, while biomass and tree–shrub cover have a neutral effect, and replacing tree with grass cover has lower value. On average, property value increased by $1586 per tree and $9348 per one-unit increase in LAI, while increasing maintained grass from 25% to 75% decreased home value by $271. Our ecological approach is an alternative, applied method that can be used by decision-makers for policy and cost–benefit analyses that calculate the stream of net benefits associated with urban forests.
Comunicación, clima y cultura organizacional para la gestión del conocimiento. Pymes metalmecánicas de Cali.
The climate, culture, and organizational communication are directorship variables which facilitate enterprise results to accomplish its goals, producing distinctive competences and competitive advantages through the knowledge management for innovations; with the appropriate use of information provided by the ICT. The results have come out from two researches on the metal mechanical industrial sector allow the reader to know how the Pymes use these variables on their development management. The document concludes that there are many cognitive, managerial, economic and technological limitations to improve the productivity and competitiveness processes, due to the lack of experience on these topics and of the managerial models used.
SAT0118 Calprotectin stratifies disease activity better than acute phase reactants in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving TNF inhibitors
Background Calprotectin is a major S100 leucocyte protein, associated with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Calprotectin is a potentially biomarker more sensitive of disease activity than conventional acute-phase reactans.
Institutionalized physical activity curriculum benefits of medical students in Colombia.
Health authorities at the international level have recommended implementing physical activity and exercise for health training programs within the curriculum of medical schools. The purpose of this evaluation was to determine the changes in the physical condition and health (Fitnessgram criteria) of a sports medicine and physical activity for the practice of golf 3rd year students at a private medical school in Bogotá, Colombia. Methods: The intervention was made to 13 cohorts of medical students. Cardiovascular endurance (20m shuttle race test), speed (20m sprint), strength (push-ups and push-ups in 30 s) and flexibility (sit and reach) were assessed at the beginning and end of the school semester. . It was a 54-hour semester (3 h / week) intervention, with 37 h (69%) of group-directed physical exercise. Results: Five hundred twenty-four students were evaluated with an average age of 20 ± 1.4 years; 341 (65.1%) were women. In all fitness tests for men and women, a significant increase was found. The prevalence of healthy cardiorespiratory fitness increased from 47.8% to 89.1% in women (P <0.001) and from 54.6% to 83.1% in men (P <0.001). Body mass index and weight increased in both sexes. Discussion: The results of the current study evaluated a 54-hour course of physical activity within the medical curriculum that had a positive impact on indicators of physical condition related to health in Colombian medical students.
