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- ÍtemAcceso Abierto
Chlamydia trachomatis frequency in a cohort of HPV-infected colombian women(2016) Quinónez-Calvache, Edith Margarita; Rios-Chaparro, Dora-Ines; Ramírez, Juan David; Soto-De León, Sara Cecilia; Camargo, Milena; Del Río-Ospina, Luisa; Sánchez, Ricardo; Patarroyo, Manuel Elkin; Patarroyo, Manuel A.Background Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis), an obligate intracellular bacterium, is the commonest infectious bacterial agent of sexual transmission throughout the world. It has been shown that the presence of this bacteria in the cervix represents a risk regarding HPV persistence and, thereafter, in developing cervical cancer (CC). Prevalence rates may vary from 2% to 17% in asymptomatic females, depending on the population being analysed. This study reports the identification of C. trachomatis in a cohort of 219 HPV-infected Colombian females. Methods C. trachomatis infection frequency was determined during each of the study’s follow-up visits; it was detected by amplifying the cryptic plasmid sequence by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using two sets of primers: KL5/KL6 and KL1/KL2. Infection was defined as a positive PCR result using either set of primers at any time during the study. Cox proportional risk models were used for evaluating the association between the appearance of infection and a group of independent variables. Results Base line C. trachomatis infection frequency was 28% (n = 61). Most females infected by C. trachomatis were infected by multiple types of HPV (77.42%), greater prevalence occurring in females infected with HPV-16 (19.18%), followed by HPV-58 (17.81%). It was observed that females having had the most sexual partners (HR = 6.44: 1.59–26.05 95%CI) or infection with multiple types of HPV (HR = 2.85: 1.22–6.63 95%CI) had the greatest risk of developing C. trachomatis. Conclusions The study provides data regarding the epidemiology of C. trachomatis /HPV coinfection in different population groups of Colombian females and contributes towards understanding the natural history of C. trachomatis infection. © 2016 Quinónez-Calvache et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. - ÍtemAcceso AbiertoPerception of violence from schoolchildren of two educational institutions in the locality of Kennedy, Bogotá(2018) Barreto Zorza, Yenny Marcela; Enriquez-Guerrero C.; Cordoba-Sastoque A.M.; Rincon-Garcia K.P.; Bustos-Sanchez J.D.; Lopez-Bernal A.S.; Mendez-Rivas D.; Rincon-Lopez J.V.Objective To describe the perception of violence in schoolchildren of two schools of the borough of Kennedy, Bogotá. Methods Participatory action research (PAR) and qualitative study. The participants in these focus groups were chosen randomly, 5 students per course, for a total of 15 focus groups and 75 students included, prior informed consent from parents and students. Ethical aspects were taken into account. Results 61 participants, 30 boys (49.1%) and 31 girls (50.8%), were included in the study, with an age range between 5 and 12 years. 10 participants (16.3%) were kindergarten students, 3 were first-grade students (4.9%), 10 second-grade students (16.3%), 18 third-grade students (29.5%), 10 fourth-grade students (16.3%), and 10 fifth-grade students (16.3%). The socioeconomic status of the children was ranked as 1 and 2. The results are presented in four categories: causes, problems, consequences and solutions, from which 8 subcategories emerged; they describe the perception that children have about violence at home and schools, highlighting physical and verbal domestic violence, the use of psychoactive substances and sexual abuse. Conclusion There is evidence in the school population of the borough of Kennedy that violence is a public health problem established in homes and in schools. The origin of this violence is mainly children's homes, therefore, it is important to build and generate proposals for intervention based on the solutions raised by the children themselves regarding the structural and family levels. © 2018, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. All rights reserved.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoNormative reference of standing long jump for colombian schoolchildren aged 9-17.9 years: The fuprecol study(2017) Ramírez-Velez R.; Martínez M.; Correa-Bautista J.E.; Lobelo F.; Izquierdo M.; Rodríguez-Rodríguez F.; Cristi-Montero C.The purpose of this study was to generate normative values for the standing long jump (SLJ) test in 9- to 17.9-year olds and to investigate sex and age-group differences. The sample comprised 8,034 healthy Colombian schoolchildren [boys n = 3,488 and girls n = 4,546; mean (SD) age 12.8 (±2.3) years old]. Each participant performed two SLJ. Centile smoothed curves, percentile, and tables for the third, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 97th percentiles were calculated using Cole's Lambda-Mu-Sigma method. The 2-way analysis of variance tests and Cohen's d showed that the maximum SLJ (centimeter) was higher in boys than in girls across age groups (p less than 0.01), reaching the peak at 13 years. Posthoc analyses within the sexes showed yearly increases in SLJ in all ages. In boys, the 50th percentile SLJ score ranged from 109 to 165 cm. In girls, the 50th percentile jump ranged from 96 to 120 cm. For girls, jump scores increased yearly from age 9 to 12.9 years before reaching a plateau at an age between 13 and 15.9. Our results provide, for the first time, sex- and age-specific SLJ reference values for Colombian schoolchildren aged 9-17.9 years. The normative values presented in this study provide the basis for the determination of the proposed age- and sex-specific standards for the FUPRECOL (Association for Muscular Strength with Early Manifestation of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among Colombian Children and Adolescents) Study-Physical fitness battery for children and adolescents. © 2016 National Strength and Conditioning Association.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoImpact of smoking and physical inactivity on self-rated health in women in Colombia(2019) Romero, Dario Mendoza; Montenegro, Amparo Cristancho; Urbina Bonilla, Adriana del Pilar; Rombaldi, AirtonThe aim of this study was to assess the association between poor and fair self-rested health, smoking, and leisure-time physical inactivity in Colombian women. A cross-sectional study using the data from the 2010 Colombian National Demographics and Health (ENDS) and Nutritional Situation (ENSIN) Surveys was conducted. Multivariate logistic analysis for self-perceived health status in 12,431 women aged 13–49 years old and 8224 women aged 18–64 years old were performed. Independent variables included smoking, leisure-time physical inactivity, anthropometric and socio-demographic information. Current smoking and leisure-time physical inactivity were associated with poor and fair self-rated health status (OR 1.78, CI 1.41, 2.25; OR 1.30, CI 1.03, 1.62; respectively). Other significantly associated variables were age (OR 1.68, CI 1.46, 1.92 for 30–49 years; OR 2.32, CI 1.96, 2.74 for 50–64 years), socio-economic strata (OR 7.24, CI 3.81, 13.76 for strata 1–3), educational level (OR 1.70 to 2.77 compared to technical or university), obesity (OR 0.81, CI 0.70, 0.93 for normal body mass index), geographical region (OR 0.67, CI 0.53, 0.85 for Bogotá, compared to Amazon and Orinoco regions), and no affiliation to health system (OR 1.22, CI 1.03, 1.44). Smoking and leisure-time physical inactivity were significantly associated with poor and fair self-rated health in Colombian women. Promoting leisure-time physical activity and implementing smoking cessation strategies specifically in female population, mainly from low to medium strata are suggested to improve their self-perceived health status and control chronic noncommunicable diseases. © 2019
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoThe prevalence of high-risk HPV types and factors determining infection in female colombian adolescents(2016) Del Río-Ospina, Luisa; Soto-De León, Sara Cecilia; Camargo, Milena; Sánchez, Ricardo; Mancilla, Cindy Lizeth; Patarroyo, Manuel Elkin; Patarroyo, Manuel A.This study reports six HR-HPV types' infection prevalence discriminated by species and multiple infection in unvaccinated Colombian female adolescents, as well as some factors modulating the risk of infection. HPV DNA for six high-risk viral types was identified in cervical samples taken from 2,134 12-19 year-old females using conventional generic and typespecific PCR. Binomial logistical regression analysis was used for modelling HR-HPV infection and multiple infection risk. The interaction between variables in a stepwise model was also included in such analysis. Viral DNA was detected in 48.97% of the females; 28.52% of them had multiple infections, HPV-16 being the most frequently occurring type (37.44%). Cytological abnormality prevalence was 15.61%. Being over 16 years-old (1.66: 1.01-2.71 95%CI), white ethnicity (4.40: 1.16-16.73 95%CI), having had 3 or more sexual partners (1.77: 1.11-2.81 95%CI) and prior sexually-transmitted infections (STI) (1.65: 1.17-2.32 95%CI) were associated with a greater risk of HPV infection. Having given birth was related to a higher risk of infection by A7 species and antecedent of abortion to less risk of coinfection. Where the females in this study came from also influenced the risk of infection by A7 species as female adolescents from the Andean region had a lower risk of infection (0.42: 0.18-0.99 95%CI). The presence of factors related to risky sexual behaviour in the study population indicated that public health services should pay special attention to female adolescents to modify the risk of infection by high-risk HPV types and decrease their impact on this age group. © 2016 Del Río-Ospina et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoDiscounting and digit ratio : Low 2D:4D predicts patience for a sample of females(2018-01-24) Aycinena Abascal, Diego; Rentschler, LucasInter-temporal trade-offs are ubiquitous in human decision making. We study the relationship between preferences over such trade-offs and the ratio of the second digit to that of the forth (2D:4D), a marker for pre-natal exposure to sex hormones. Specifically, we study whether 2D:4D affects discounting. Our sample consists of 419 female participants of a Guatemalan conditional cash transfer program who take part in an experiment. Their choices in the convex time budget (CTB) experimental task allow us to make inferences regarding their patience (discounting), while controlling for present-biasedness and preference for smoothing consumption (utility curvature). We find that women with lower digit ratios tend to be more patient. © 2018 Aycinena and Rentschler.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoCharacteristics of the variation in daily energy intake in university young women from middle class in Bogotá city(2016) Monterrey G. P.; Cortés S. L.; Ariza G. M.Introduction: The gold standard to estimate individual usual intake is the mean of multiple day’s intake. This estimation procedure is based on Beaton´s model, who consider independence and two sources of variation: between and within subjects. There are evidences and physiological arguments against validity of Beaton´s hypothesis, this fact could have relevant effects in dietetic assessment. Subjects and Methods: A food consumption of 43 middle class university women was recorded during 28 days. They were trained in order to assure quality records. Results: Low values in energy intake were reported, and no differences between energy intake during weekend and weekdays was observed. Considering reported intakes for each person as a time series, no autocorrelations was observed considering lags within 1 to 7 days. Differences in within subjects variances was observed. Conclusion: Deficiencies in subject´s energy intake corresponds to disorders in university students´ nutrition, such deficiencies could be the explanation of the observed independence in daily energy intake despite evidences of the existence of correlations reported in different papers. The hypothesis of variance homogeneity was not true, so it was not correct to talk about a “within variance”, instead a population´s probability distributions for variances was considered, as a consequence Beaton´s model must be modified. A probability distribution to characterize the number of days needed to estimate energy intake for subjects in population was considered. © 2016, Sociedad Chilena de Nutricion Bromatologia y Toxilogica. All rights reserved.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoImpact and effectiveness of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine: A systematic review of 10 years of real-world experience(2016) Garland, Suzanne M.; Kjaer, Susanne K.; Muñoz, Nubia; Block, Stan L.; Brown, Darron R.; DiNubile, Mark J.; Lindsay, Brianna R.; Kuter, Barbara J.; Perez, Gonzalo; Dominiak-Felden, Geraldine; Saah, Alfred J.; Drury, Rosybel; Das, Rituparna; Velicer, ChristineProphylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programs constitute major public health initiatives worldwide. We assessed the global effect of quadrivalent HPV (4vHPV) vaccination on HPV infection and disease. PubMed and Embase were systematically searched for peer-reviewed articles from January 2007 through February 2016 to identify observational studies reporting the impact or effectiveness of 4vHPV vaccination on infection, anogenital warts, and cervical cancer or precancerous lesions. Over the last decade, the impact of HPV vaccination in real-world settings has become increasingly evident, especially among girls vaccinated before HPV exposure in countries with high vaccine uptake. Maximal reductions of approximately 90% for HPV 6/11/16/18 infection, approximately 90% for genital warts, approximately 45% for low-grade cytological cervical abnormalities, and approximately 85% for high-grade histologically proven cervical abnormalities have been reported. The full public health potential of HPV vaccination is not yet realized. HPV-related disease remains a significant source of morbidity and mortality in developing and developed nations, underscoring the need for HPV vaccination programs with high population coverage. © 2016 The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAssociation of muscular fitness and body fatness with cardiometabolic risk factors: The FUPRECOL study(2018) Correa-Rodríguez, María; Ramírez-Vélez, Robinson; Correa Bautista, Jorge Enrique; del Pilar Castellanos-Vega, Rocío; Arias-Coronel, Florencio; González-Ruíz, Katherine; Carrillo, Hugo Alejandro; Schmidt-RioValle, Jacqueline; González-Jiménez, EmilioThis study investigated the associations of muscular fitness and various indicators of body fatness with cardio-metabolic risk factors and determined the muscular strength and body fatness thresholds for detecting a high risk of cardio-metabolic dysfunction in young adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1798 collegiate students (61.5% females, mean age 20.5 years). Muscular fitness was determined by using a handgrip strength test and normalized grip strength (NGS = handgrip (kg)/body mass (kg)). Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), percentage of fat mass (BF%), fat-mass index (FMI), and waist-to-height ratio (WHR) were also included as body fatness measurements. A high cardio-metabolic risk cluster was derived by assessing triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, fasting glucose, and blood pressure. Logistic regression models showed that men and women with lower NGS had an increased cardio-metabolic risk odds ratio (OR) = 1.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1 to 2.9, p = 0.006, and OR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.0 to 2.5, p = 0.036, respectively). In both sexes, higher levels of all fatness parameters were also associated with increased cardio-metabolic risk (p less than 0.001). In both men and women, high FMI had the highest OR for clustered risk (OR = 4.7, 95% CI 2.6 to 8.4, and OR = 7.3, 95% CI 3.4 to 9.7, p less than 0.001, respectively). Combined analysis showed that unfitness (lower NGS) and high fat had the highest OR for WC and FMI in men and women, respectively (OR = 5.5, 95% CI 2.6 to 11.4, OR = 7.7, 95% CI 2.3 to 15.8, p less than 0.01). Muscular strength and body fatness are independently and jointly associated with increased cardiometabolic risk in young adults, which suggests that both are predictor variables for this. © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoA retrospective study on the relationship between altered native acetabular angle and vertical implant malpositioning(2018) Rojas J.; Bautista M.; Bonilla G.; Amado O.; Huerfano E.; Monsalvo D.; Llinás A.; Navas J.Purpose: Acetabular cup positioning in extreme angles of vertical position affects both stability and long-term survivorship of total hip arthroplasty. The purpose of this study is to determine whether native Sharp’s angle is associated with an increased abduction angle of the acetabular component. Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent primary total hip replacement between February 2012 and August 2015 were included. Vertical positioning of acetabular implant in the antero-posterior post-operative radiographs were measured. The proportion of implants positioned outside the safe zone (40° ± 10°) was calculated and through a multivariate analysis, Sharp’s angle and other factors possibly associated with cup malpositioning were evaluated. Results: Five hundred twenty-eight hip arthroplasties were analyzed. Prevalence of cup malpositioning was 7.6% and 25 patients had an altered native acetabular angle. An altered pre-operative Sharp’s angle was associated with a higher risk of vertical malpositioning of the acetabular component (OR 2.51 IC 95%: 1.17–5.39) (p = 0.02). Body mass index, surgeon’s volume, size of the implant, gender, pre-operative diagnose and age, were not associated with the position of the cup. Conclusions: The alteration of the Sharp’s angle as an indicator of hip dysplasia in native hips increases the odds of acetabular cup malpositioning. Other factors explored did not correlate with the position of the acetabular prosthesis. Systematic assessment of Sharp’s angle should be included in the pre-operative planning of primary hip arthroplasty. © 2017, SICOT aisbl.
