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Caracterización de las funciones ejecutivas en pacientes con esclerosis multiple de una cohorte en Bogotá, Colombia

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dc.contributor.advisorOrtiz Salas, Paola Andrea
dc.contributor.advisorBareño Silva, José
dc.contributor.advisorRomero, Laura Fernanda
dc.contributor.advisorHernández, Gina Paola
dc.creatorAbella Morales, Laura Milena
dc.creator.degreeEspecialista en Neurología
dc.creator.degreeLevelEspecialización
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-09T19:53:15Z
dc.date.available2026-04-09T19:53:15Z
dc.date.created2026-03-28
dc.descriptionIntroducción: La Esclerosis Múltiple (EM) presenta una variabilidad clínica amplia, incluyendo el compromiso de la función ejecutiva. Se ha descrito compromiso principal de la inhibición, memoria de trabajo y flexibilidad cognitiva. Las funciones ejecutivas son habilidades mentales complejas indispensables para el ejercicio laboral y académico, y su compromiso se ha relacionado con menor empleabilidad, y calidad de vida. Objetivo: Describir el comportamiento de las funciones ejecutivas de los pacientes con Esclerosis Múltiple. Metodología: Estudio observacional analítico de corte transversal de un grupo de pacientes con esclerosis múltiple de un programa de enfermedades desmielinizantes en Bogotá, que consultaron del 2021 al 2024. Los datos se obtuvieron retrospectivamente, y se analizaron globalmente y posteriormente por subgrupos clínicos y demográficos. Resultados: Se analizó una muestra de 69 sujetos, con edad media de 40.7 años, predominio del género femenino (70%). El test MoCA promedio fue 26.2 (DE 3.6), con deterioro cognitivo leve en el nivel educativo medio. Se identificó menor desempeño del control inhibitorio en más de 10 años de enfermedad; en planeación del grupo con EDSS alto; en memoria de trabajo y fluidez en el nivel educativo medio; y en fluidez y control inhibitorio en aquellos con comorbilidad cardiometabólica. Conclusiones: Las características de la población son similares a la descrita en la literatura. Se documenta impacto de la severidad de la enfermedad, nivel educativo, y comorbilidad cardiometabólica en el desempeño de las pruebas. Fortalece la necesidad de ampliar la evaluación para favorecer una rehabilitación dirigida.
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) presents a wide clinical variability, including the impairment of executive function. Primary impairment of inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility has been described. Executive functions are complex mental skills indispensable for work and academic practice, and their impairment has been linked to lower employability and quality of life. Objective: To describe the behavior of executive functions in patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Methodology: Cross-sectional analytical observational study of a group of patients with multiple sclerosis from a demyelinating diseases program in Bogotá, who consulted from 2021 to 2024. Data were obtained retrospectively, and were analyzed globally and subsequently by clinical and demographic subgroups. Results: A sample of 69 subjects was analyzed, with a mean age of 40.7 years and a female predominance (70%). The average MoCA test score was 26.2 (SD 3.6), with mild cognitive impairment at the medium educational level. Lower inhibitory control performance was identified in more than 10 years of disease; in planning for the group with high EDSS; in working memory and fluency at the medium educational level; and in fluency and inhibitory control in those with cardiometabolic comorbidity. Conclusions: The characteristics of the population are similar to those described in the literature. The impact of disease severity, educational level, and cardiometabolic comorbidity on test performance is documented. This strengthens the need to expand the evaluation to favor targeted rehabilitation.
dc.format.extent77 pp
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.48713/10336_47694
dc.identifier.urihttps://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/47694
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad del Rosario
dc.publisher.departmentEscuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud
dc.publisher.programEspecialización en Neurología
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International*
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dc.source.instnameinstname:Universidad del Rosario
dc.source.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR
dc.subjectEsclerosis multiple
dc.subjectFunciones cognitivas
dc.subjectFunciones ejecutivas
dc.subjectTrastornos de memoria
dc.subject.keywordMultiple sclerosis
dc.subject.keywordCognitive function
dc.subject.keywordExecutive function
dc.subject.keywordMemory disorders
dc.titleCaracterización de las funciones ejecutivas en pacientes con esclerosis multiple de una cohorte en Bogotá, Colombia
dc.title.TranslatedTitleCharacterizacion of executive functions in multiple sclerosis patientes from a cohort in Bogota, Colombia
dc.typebachelorThesis
dc.type.hasVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.spaTrabajo de grado
local.department.reportEscuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud
local.regionesBogotá
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Caracterizacion_de_las_funciones_ejecutivas.pdf
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Caracterizacion_de_las_funciones_ejecutivas_referencias.ris
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Especialización en Neurología