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Genómica de la diversificación de Heliconius cydno (Lepidóptera: Nymphalidae) en el norte de Suramérica: patrones geográficos y fenotípicos

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dc.contributor.advisorSalazar Clavijo, Camilo Andrés
dc.contributor.advisorRueda Muñoz, Nicol Magaly
dc.contributor.gruplacFiloevomica
dc.creatorArias Cárdenas, Diana Alexandra
dc.creator.degreeMagíster en Ciencias Naturales
dc.creator.degreeLevelMaestríaspa
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-16T14:17:43Z
dc.date.available2025-09-16T14:17:43Z
dc.date.created2025-09-03
dc.date.embargoEndinfo:eu-repo/date/embargoEnd/2027-09-17
dc.descriptionGrandes eventos geológicos, como el levantamiento de los Andes y la formación de los valles interandinos, han sido determinantes en la configuración de la biodiversidad neotropical. Este estudio evalúa su influencia en la radiación adaptativa reciente (∼1.5 Ma) de Heliconius cydno, una mariposa mimética y aposemática ampliamente distribuida desde Centroamérica hasta el norte de Suramérica, que presenta una notable variación en sus patrones de coloración alar. Esta diversidad fenotípica está determinada por una arquitectura genética modular, donde unos pocos genes clave y elementos cis- regulatorios controlan diferencias entre morfotipos en esta y otras especies de lepidópteros. A partir de la secuenciación del genoma completo de 113 individuos que abarcan todas las subespecies descritas, se investigó: (1) el papel de la orogenia andina en la diversificación de H. cydno y (2) la base genética de la variación en una de sus características fenotípicas distintivas. Se obtuvo que nueve de las catorce subespecies de H. cydno corresponden a linajes independientes, originados en el noroccidente de Suramérica, con posterior expansión hacia Centroamérica y los valles interandinos colombianos. La estructura genética refleja la geografía, con cinco clústeres principales: Centroamérica, Venezuela, Valle del Magdalena, Valle del Cauca e isla Gorgona. Algunas poblaciones, como la subespecie insular H. c. subsp. nov., muestran fuerte estructura genética, baja diversidad y señales de cuello de botella, en contraste con las subespecies continentales, que exhiben altos niveles de ancestría compartida y flujo genético. Adicionalmente, se identificó al microARN miRNA193, derivado del lncRNA Ivory, como el locus responsable de la variación en la banda submarginal blanca del ala posterior, un rasgo cuya base genética era hasta ahora desconocida en Heliconius. La evidencia de introgresión sugiere que este carácter fue transferido desde H. cydno hacia H. melpomene, contribuyendo al establecimiento de un nuevo anillo mimético con H. erato. En conjunto, estos hallazgos destacan el papel de la geografía, la arquitectura genómica y la introgresión en la diversificación de H. cydno.
dc.description.abstractMajor geological events, such as the uplift of the Andes and the formation of inter-Andean valleys, have played a key role in shaping Neotropical biodiversity. This study investigates their influence on the recent adaptive radiation (∼1.5 Ma) of Heliconius cydno, a mimetic and aposematic butterfly widely distributed from Central America to northern South America, which exhibits notable variation in wing color patterns. This phenotypic diversity is controlled by a modular genetic architecture, in which a few key genes and cis-regulatory elements regulate differences among morphotypes in this and other lepidopteran species. Using whole-genome sequencing of 113 individuals comprising all described subspecies, we investigated (1) the role of Andean orogeny in the diversification of H. cydno and (2) the genetic basis of variation in one of its distinctive phenotypic traits. Results show that nine of the fourteen H. cydno subspecies correspond to independent lineages that originated in northwestern South America and later expanded into Central America and the Colombian inter-Andean valleys. Genetic structure reflects geography, forming five main clusters: Central America, Venezuela, the Magdalena Valley, the Cauca Valley, and Gorgona Island. Some populations, such as the insular subspecies H. c. subsp. nov., show strong genetic structure, low diversity, and bottleneck signatures—unlike continental subspecies, which exhibit high levels of shared ancestry and gene flow. Additionally, the microRNA miRNA193, derived from the lncRNA Ivory, was identified as the locus underlying variation in the white submarginal band on the hindwing—a trait whose genetic basis had remained unknown in Heliconius. Evidence of introgression suggests that this trait was transferred from H. cydno to H. melpomene, contributing to the establishment of a novel mimicry ring with H. erato. Altogether, these findings highlight the roles of geography, genomic architecture, and introgression in the diversification of H. cydno.
dc.format.extent112 pp
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.48713/10336_46481
dc.identifier.urihttps://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/46481
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad del Rosario
dc.publisher.departmentEscuela de Ciencias e Ingeniería
dc.publisher.programMaestría en Ciencias Naturales
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International*
dc.rights.accesRightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
dc.rights.accesoRestringido (Temporalmente bloqueado)
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/*
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dc.source.instnameinstname:Universidad del Rosario
dc.source.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR
dc.subjectHeliconius cydno
dc.subjectFilogeografía
dc.subjectDemografía histórica
dc.subjectGenómica de poblaciones
dc.subjectArquitectura modular cis-regulatoria
dc.subjectBanda submarginal blanca
dc.subject.keywordHeliconius cydno
dc.subject.keywordPhylogeography
dc.subject.keywordHistorical demography
dc.subject.keywordPopulation genomics
dc.subject.keywordCis-regulatory modular architecture
dc.subject.keywordWhite submarginal band
dc.titleGenómica de la diversificación de Heliconius cydno (Lepidóptera: Nymphalidae) en el norte de Suramérica: patrones geográficos y fenotípicos
dc.title.TranslatedTitleGenomics of the diversification of Heliconius cydno (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in northern South America: geographic and phenotypic patterns
dc.typemasterThesis
dc.type.hasVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.spaTesis de maestría
local.department.reportEscuela de Ciencias e Ingeniería
local.regionesBogotá
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