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Does higher education reduce mortality? Evidence from a natural experiment in Chile

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dc.contributor.gruplacGrupo de Investigaciones. Facultad de Economía. Universidad del Rosariospa
dc.creatorBautista, María Angélica
dc.creatorGonzález, Felipe
dc.creatorMartínez, Luis R.
dc.creatorMuñoz, Pablo
dc.creatorPrem, Mounu
dc.date.accessioned2020-10-26T16:19:34Z
dc.date.available2020-10-26T16:19:34Z
dc.date.created2020-10-23
dc.date.issued2020-10-23
dc.descriptionAprovechando la fuerte caída en la matrícula universitaria que experimentaron las cohortes que alcanzaron la edad universitaria después del golpe militar de 1973 en Chile, se estudio el efecto causal de la educación superior sobre la mortalidad. Utilizando microdatos de las estadísticas vitales para 1994-2017, documentamos un aumento en la tasa de mortalidad anual ajustada por edad entre las cohortes afectadas. Aprovechando el problema de la matrícula universitaria, estimamos un efecto negativo de la universidad sobre la mortalidad, que es mayor para los hombres, pero también considerable para las mujeres. Los resultados intermedios del mercado laboral (por ejemplo, la participación en la fuerza laboral) explican el 30% de la reducción de la mortalidad. También está presente un giro ascendente similar en la mortalidad en múltiples horizontes de tiempo entre los pacientes hospitalizados en las cohortes afectadas, con características observables (es decir, diagnóstico, hospital, seguro) que explican más del 40%. Las respuestas de la encuesta revelan que la universidad mejora sustancialmente el acceso a la atención médica privada, pero tiene efectos mixtos sobre los comportamientos relacionados con la salud.spa
dc.description.abstractWe exploit the sharp downward kink in college enrollment experienced by cohorts reaching college age after the 1973 military coup in Chile to study the causal effect of higher education on mortality. Using micro-data from the vital statistics for 1994-2017, we document an upward kink in the age-adjusted yearly mortality rate among the affected cohorts. Leveraging the kink in college enrollment, we estimate a negative effect of college on mortality, which is larger for men, but also sizable for women. Intermediate labor market outcomes (e.g., labor force participation) explain 30% of the reduction in mortality. A similar upward kink in mortality over multiple time horizons is also present among hospitalized patients in the affected cohorts, with observable characteristics (i.e. diagnostic, hospital, insurance) explaining over 40%. Survey responses reveal that college substantially improves access to private health care, but has mixed effects on health behaviors.spa
dc.format.extent82spa
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dc.identifier.citationBautista, María Angélica; González, Felipe; Martínez, Luis R.; Muñoz, Pablo; Prem, Mounu (2020) Does higher education reduce mortality? Evidence from a natural experiment in Chile. Universidad del Rosario, Department of Economics, Documentos de trabajo economía. 82 ppspa
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.48713/10336_30453
dc.identifier.urihttps://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/30453
dc.language.isospa
dc.relation.citationTitleSerie Documentos de trabajo. Economía
dc.relation.urihttps://ideas.repec.org/p/col/000092/018486.html
dc.rights.accesRightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.accesoAbierto (Texto Completo)spa
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dc.source.instnameinstname:Universidad del Rosariospa
dc.source.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocURspa
dc.subjectMortalidadspa
dc.subjectEducación superiorspa
dc.subjectChilespa
dc.subjectRelación nivel educativo mortalidadspa
dc.subjectTasa de mortalidad de población universitaria en chilespa
dc.subject.ddcEducación superiorspa
dc.subject.jelI12spa
dc.subject.jelI14spa
dc.subject.jelI26spa
dc.subject.keywordMortalityspa
dc.subject.keywordHigher educationspa
dc.subject.keywordChilespa
dc.subject.keywordMortality rate of the university population in Chilespa
dc.subject.keywordRelationship educational level mortalityspa
dc.titleDoes higher education reduce mortality? Evidence from a natural experiment in Chilespa
dc.typeworkingPapereng
dc.type.spaDocumento de trabajospa
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