Ítem
Acceso Abierto
Percepción del paciente sobre los factores que influyen en la adherencia a la actividad fisica en pacientes con HTA y DM2
| dc.contributor.advisor | Torres Narváez, Martha Rocío | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Ramos Caballero, Diana Marcela | |
| dc.creator | Gómez Gómez, Milton Dario | |
| dc.creator.degree | Magíster en Actividad Física y Salud | |
| dc.creator.degreeLevel | Maestría | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-01-30T20:45:33Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-01-30T20:45:33Z | |
| dc.date.created | 2026-01-28 | |
| dc.description | Introducción: La adherencia a la actividad física es un componente clave en el manejo de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, particularmente la hipertensión arterial (HTA) y la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). No obstante, mantener una práctica sostenida continúa siendo un desafío, influenciado por múltiples factores individuales y contextuales. La mayoría de los estudios han abordado esta problemática desde enfoques cuantitativos, con escasa exploración desde la perspectiva del paciente. Objetivo: Identificar la percepción de pacientes con HTA y DM2 sobre los factores individuales y contextuales que influyen en la adherencia a la práctica de la actividad física. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo con enfoque fenomenológico. Participaron pacientes con diagnóstico de HTA y/o DM2 atendidos en la Unidad de Servicios de Salud Hospital de Bosa, perteneciente a la Subred Integrada de Servicios de Salud Suroccidente, en Bogotá, Colombia. La recolección de la información se llevó a cabo mediante grupos focales, utilizando una guía semiestructurada. El análisis de los datos se realizó a través de análisis temático, a partir de categorías y dimensiones previamente definidas, garantizando criterios de rigor metodológico y consideraciones éticas. Resultados: Los participantes identificaron diversos factores individuales y contextuales que influyen en la adherencia a la actividad física. Entre los factores individuales destacaron la edad, el sexo, la condición física, la autopercepción de salud, la motivación, la gestión emocional, las creencias sobre la actividad física y el nivel de alfabetización física. En cuanto a los factores contextuales, se resaltaron la seguridad y accesibilidad de los entornos, el nivel socioeconómico, las demandas laborales, el apoyo familiar y social, el rol del profesional de la salud y las características de los programas de actividad física. Los participantes enfatizaron la importancia del acompañamiento profesional empático, la información clara y la adaptación de las recomendaciones a sus condiciones personales y contextuales. Conclusiones: La adherencia a la actividad física en pacientes con HTA y DM2 es un fenómeno multifactorial que trasciende las características individuales y se ve fuertemente influenciado por factores contextuales y del sistema de salud. Incorporar la perspectiva del paciente permite comprender de manera más integral las barreras y facilitadores de la adherencia. Los hallazgos sugieren la necesidad de diseñar intervenciones personalizadas, con enfoque biopsicosocial, que fortalezcan la alfabetización física, el apoyo social y el rol del profesional de la salud, con el fin de promover una adherencia sostenida a la actividad física en esta población. | |
| dc.description.abstract | Introduction: Adherence to physical activity is a fundamental component in the management of chronic non-communicable diseases, particularly hypertension (HTN) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, maintaining sustained physical activity practice remains a challenge, influenced by the interaction of multiple individual and contextual factors. Most studies addressing this issue have relied on quantitative approaches, with limited exploration of patients’ experiences and perceptions. Objective: To identify the perceptions of patients with HTN and T2DM regarding the individual and contextual factors that influence adherence to physical activity practice. Methods: A qualitative study with a phenomenological approach was conducted. Participants included patients diagnosed with HTN and/or T2DM who were receiving care at the Hospital de Bosa Health Services Unit, part of the South-West Integrated Health Services Network, in Bogotá, Colombia. Data were collected through focus groups using a semi-structured guide. Data analysis was performed using thematic analysis based on previously defined categories and dimensions, ensuring methodological rigor and ethical considerations. Results: Participants identified several individual and contextual factors influencing adherence to physical activity. Individual factors included age, sex, physical condition, self-perceived health status, motivation, emotional regulation, beliefs about physical activity, and the level of physical literacy. Contextual factors highlighted included environmental safety and accessibility, socioeconomic status, work-related demands, family and social support, the role of healthcare professionals, and the characteristics of physical activity programs. Participants emphasized the importance of empathetic professional support, clear information, and the adaptation of recommendations to their personal and contextual conditions. Conclusions: Adherence to physical activity among patients with HTN and T2DM is a multifactorial phenomenon that extends beyond individual characteristics and is strongly influenced by contextual and health system factors. Incorporating the patient’s perspective allows for a more comprehensive understanding of barriers and facilitators to adherence. These findings suggest the need to design personalized interventions with a biopsychosocial approach that strengthen physical literacy, social support, and the role of healthcare professionals in order to promote sustained adherence to physical activity in this population. | |
| dc.format.extent | 101 pp | |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
| dc.identifier.doi | https://doi.org/10.48713/10336_47412 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/47412 | |
| dc.language.iso | spa | |
| dc.publisher | Universidad del Rosario | spa |
| dc.publisher.department | Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud | spa |
| dc.publisher.program | Maestría en Actividad Física y Salud | spa |
| dc.rights | Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International | * |
| dc.rights.accesRights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | |
| dc.rights.acceso | Abierto (Texto Completo) | |
| dc.rights.licencia | EL AUTOR, manifiesta que la obra objeto de la presente autorización es original y la realizó sin violar o usurpar derechos de autor de terceros, por lo tanto la obra es de exclusiva autoría y tiene la titularidad sobre la misma. PARGRAFO: En caso de presentarse cualquier reclamación o acción por parte de un tercero en cuanto a los derechos de autor sobre la obra en cuestión, EL AUTOR, asumirá toda la responsabilidad, y saldrá en defensa de los derechos aquí autorizados; para todos los efectos la universidad actúa como un tercero de buena fe. EL AUTOR, autoriza a LA UNIVERSIDAD DEL ROSARIO, para que en los términos establecidos en la Ley 23 de 1982, Ley 44 de 1993, Decisión andina 351 de 1993, Decreto 460 de 1995 y demás normas generales sobre la materia, utilice y use la obra objeto de la presente autorización. -------------------------------------- POLITICA DE TRATAMIENTO DE DATOS PERSONALES. Declaro que autorizo previa y de forma informada el tratamiento de mis datos personales por parte de LA UNIVERSIDAD DEL ROSARIO para fines académicos y en aplicación de convenios con terceros o servicios conexos con actividades propias de la academia, con estricto cumplimiento de los principios de ley. Para el correcto ejercicio de mi derecho de habeas data cuento con la cuenta de correo habeasdata@urosario.edu.co, donde previa identificación podré solicitar la consulta, corrección y supresión de mis datos. | spa |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ | * |
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| dc.source.instname | instname:Universidad del Rosario | |
| dc.source.reponame | reponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR | |
| dc.subject | Actividad física | |
| dc.subject | Adherencia al tratamiento | |
| dc.subject | Hipertensión arterial | |
| dc.subject | Diabetes mellitus tipo 2 | |
| dc.subject | Investigación cualitativa | |
| dc.subject.keyword | Physical activity | |
| dc.subject.keyword | Treatment adherence | |
| dc.subject.keyword | Hypertension | |
| dc.subject.keyword | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |
| dc.subject.keyword | Qualitative research | |
| dc.title | Percepción del paciente sobre los factores que influyen en la adherencia a la actividad fisica en pacientes con HTA y DM2 | |
| dc.title.TranslatedTitle | Patient perception of the factors that influence adherence to physical activity in patients with hypertension and DM2 | |
| dc.type | masterThesis | |
| dc.type.hasVersion | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | |
| dc.type.spa | Tesis de maestría | |
| local.department.report | Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud | |
| local.regiones | Bogotá |
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