Ítem
Acceso Abierto

How can microcredits be used as a reintegration measure for former FARC members in Colombia to promote positive peace?

Mostrar el registro sencillo de la publicación
dc.contributor.advisorBaquero-Melo, Jairo
dc.contributor.advisorBrummer, Klaus
dc.creatorBöhmer, Isabel
dc.creator.degreeMagíster en Conflicto, Memoria y Paz
dc.creator.degreeMagíster en Conflicto, Memoria y Paz
dc.creator.degreeLevelMaestría
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-30T18:29:14Z
dc.date.available2026-01-30T18:29:14Z
dc.date.created2025-01-29
dc.descriptionEsta tesis de maestría contribuye a responder la pregunta de cómo los microcréditos pueden contribuir a la integración de los antiguos miembros de las FARC como medio para lograr una paz positiva en Colombia y qué se necesita para la implementación exitosa de este instrumento. El marco teórico es el concepto de Galtung, según el cual la dejación de las armas sólo pone fin a la violencia directa y, por tanto, sólo crea una paz negativa. En cambio, la paz positiva, en el sentido de pacificación sostenible, sólo puede lograrse si se reduce la violencia estructural en una sociedad. Galtung entiende por tal todas las restricciones sociales, económicas y culturales que impiden a los miembros de la sociedad desarrollar su potencial personal. Esto incluye, sobre todo, la gran desigualdad de ingresos, que en Colombia se considera una de las causas centrales de la aparición de las FARC y de las décadas de guerra civil asociadas a ella. En este contexto, como muestra la tesis de más-ter, el acuerdo de paz de 2016 hace especial hincapié en la integración económica de los antiguos miembros de las FARC. La concesión de microcréditos pretende contribuir a este objetivo, ya que es respetada y apreciada en todo el mundo como un instrumento eficaz e importante para apoyar a los sectores indigentes de la población. El análisis muestra que el sistema financiero colombiano, incluida la concesión de microcréditos, está bien diseñado para cumplir esta tarea, especialmente porque el Estado cuenta con numerosas instituciones propias especializadas en este ámbito. Sin embargo, un examen más profundo revela que el sistema presenta importantes deficiencias en lo que respecta a los microcréditos para los antiguos miembros de las FARC. Éstas van desde la estructura de los tipos de interés y las condiciones de los créditos por el lado de la oferta hasta la escasa solvencia y la falta de conocimientos financieros por el lado de la demanda. Para abordar estas deficiencias, se han elaborado 13 recomendaciones, que incluyen primas, subvenciones específicas, garantías, la provi-sión de conocimientos financieros, cambios en la estructura de los tipos de interés y una lista de 132 munici-pios clasificados según sus necesidades de financiación. Estas recomendaciones se basan en entrevistas en profundidad con tres antiguos miembros de las FARC que han obtenido microcréditos con éxito. El estudio identifica al Estado colombiano como el actor clave en el proceso de alcanzar una mayor paz positiva en Colombia.
dc.description.abstractThis master's thesis contributes to answering the question of how microcredits can contribute to the integration of former FARC members as a means of achieving a positive peace in Colombia and what is needed for the successful implementation of this instrument. The theoretical framework is Galtung's concept, according to which the laying down of arms only ends direct violence and thus only creates negative peace. Positive peace in the sense of sustainable pacification, on the other hand, can only be achieved if structural violence in a soci-ety is reduced. Galtung understands this to mean all social, economic, and cultural restrictions that prevent members of society from realising their personal potential. This includes, above all, gross income inequality, which is seen in Colombia as one of the central causes of the emergence of the FARC members and the dec-ades of civil war associated with it. Against this background, as the master's thesis shows, the 2016 peace agreement places a strong emphasis on the economic integration of former FARC members. The granting of microcredits is intended to contribute to this objective as it is respected and appreciated worldwide as an effective and important instrument to support destitute sections of the population. The analysis shows that the Colombian financial system, including the granting of microcredits, is well designed to accomplish this task, especially since the state has numerous institutions of its own that specialise in this area. However, a more in-depth examination reveals that the system has significant shortcomings regarding microcredits for former FARC members. These range from the interest rate structure and credit conditions on the supply side to limited creditworthiness and a lack of financial know-how on the demand side. To address these shortcomings, 13 recommendations have been developed, including premiums, targeted subsidies, guarantees, the provision of financial know-how, changes in the interest rate structure, and a list of 132 municipalities categorised accord-ing to funding needs. These recommendations are underpinned by in-depth interviews with three former FARC members who have successfully taken out microloans. The study identifies the Colombian state as the key player in the process of achieving greater positive peace in Colombia.
dc.format.extent106 pp
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.48713/10336_47406
dc.identifier.urihttps://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/47406
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherUniversidad del Rosario
dc.publisher.departmentEscuela de Ciencias Humanas
dc.publisher.programMaestría en Conflicto, Memoria y Paz
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International*
dc.rights.accesRightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.accesoAbierto (Texto Completo)
dc.rights.licenciaEL AUTOR, manifiesta que la obra objeto de la presente autorización es original y la realizó sin violar o usurpar derechos de autor de terceros, por lo tanto la obra es de exclusiva autoría y tiene la titularidad sobre la misma. PARGRAFO: En caso de presentarse cualquier reclamación o acción por parte de un tercero en cuanto a los derechos de autor sobre la obra en cuestión, EL AUTOR, asumirá toda la responsabilidad, y saldrá en defensa de los derechos aquí autorizados; para todos los efectos la universidad actúa como un tercero de buena fe. EL AUTOR, autoriza a LA UNIVERSIDAD DEL ROSARIO, para que en los términos establecidos en la Ley 23 de 1982, Ley 44 de 1993, Decisión andina 351 de 1993, Decreto 460 de 1995 y demás normas generales sobre la materia, utilice y use la obra objeto de la presente autorización. -------------------------------------- POLITICA DE TRATAMIENTO DE DATOS PERSONALES. Declaro que autorizo previa y de forma informada el tratamiento de mis datos personales por parte de LA UNIVERSIDAD DEL ROSARIO para fines académicos y en aplicación de convenios con terceros o servicios conexos con actividades propias de la academia, con estricto cumplimiento de los principios de ley. Para el correcto ejercicio de mi derecho de habeas data cuento con la cuenta de correo habeasdata@urosario.edu.co, donde previa identificación podré solicitar la consulta, corrección y supresión de mis datos.spa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/*
dc.source.bibliographicCitation60 Decibels, 2023, ‘60 Decibels Microfinance Index 2023: The Microfinance Index provides high-quality, comparable social impact data, driven entirely by client voices. In 2023, this annual initi-ative has grown to cover 114 microfinance institutions serving more than 84 million customers, represented by more than 1 million unique data points.’ 2023, viewed 31 March 2024, from https://60decibels.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/60-Decibels-Microfinance-Index-Report-2023-5.pdf.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationAdhabi, E.A.R. & Anozie, C.B.L., 2017, ‘Literature Review for the Type of Interview in Qualitative Research’, International Journal of Education 9(3), 1–12.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationArango Arias, Ana Lucía; Gómez Gallego, John James; Orozco Giraldo, Manuela; Castaño Ocampo, Vanesa (2023): Violencia sexual, fantasma y posición subjetiva: El caso de una excombatiente de las FARC-EP. In: Psicoperspectivas 22 (3), last checked on March 9, 2024.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationArmendáriz, B., 2013, Las microfinanzas son una alternativa para los emprendedores y las nuevas empresas, from http://www.cid. unal.edu.co/cidnews/index.php/noticias/2256-las-microfinanzas-sonuna-alternativa-para-los-emprendedores-y-las-nuevas-empresas-beatrizarmendariz.html.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationARN, 2024, Espacios Territoriales de Capacitación y Reincorporación (ETCR), viewed 3 August 2024, from https://www.reincorporacion.gov.co/es/reincorporacion/Paginas/Los-ETCR.aspx.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationasoinfis, 2024, ASOINFIS | INFIS| COLOMBIA, viewed 30 July 2024, from https://www.asoinfis.com/.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationAsomicrofinanzas & Banco de la República, 2022, El Desarrollo de Microcrédito en Colombia, viewed 2 August 2024, from https://asomicrofinanzas.com.co/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/El_Desarrollo_de_Microcr%C3%A9dito_en_Colombia.pdf.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationATLAS, 2025, Welcome to ATLAS - Atlas Microfinance Data & Benchmark, viewed 18 January 2025, from https://www.atlasdata.org/.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationBanca De Las Oportunidades & SFC, 2022, Financial Inclusion Report 2022, viewed 2 June 2024.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationBancoldex, 2024, neocrédito | Microcrédito en un solo lugar, viewed 20 May 2024, from https://neocredito.bancoldex.com/neocredito/home.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationBarnett, J. & Dabelko, G., 2019, ‘Environmental Security’, in A. Collins (ed.), Contemporary securi-ty studies, pp. 235–252, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationBBC News Mundo, 2016, ‘Qué son los préstamos "gota a gota" que grupos criminales de Colombia exportan al resto de América Latina’, BBC News Mundo, 21 October, viewed 3 August 2024, from https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-37708989.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationBerold, R., 2002, ‘Berold, R. (2002) Introduction to Microfinance in Conflict-affected communities: a training manual: ILO and UN-HCR’ 2002.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationBerry, R.A., 2017, ‘Reflections on injustice, inequality and land conflict in Colombia’, Canadian Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies / Revue canadienne des études latino-américaines et caraïbes 42(3), 277–297.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationBircan, Ç., Brück, T. & Vothknecht, M., 2017, ‘Violent conflict and inequality’, Oxford Develop-ment Studies 45(2), 0–20.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationBourguignon, F., 2018, ‘World Changes in Inequality: an Overview of Facts, Causes, Consequences, and Policies1’, CESifo Economic Studies 64(3), 345–370, viewed 2 February 2024.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationBros, T., 2020, ‘Chapter 29: Energy Security: A Twentieth-Century Major Concern Becoming Irrele-vant in the Twentieth-First Century?’, in A. Gheciu and W.C. Wohlforth (eds.), The Oxford handbook of international security, Oxford University Press, New York, from 432-441.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationBros, T., 2020, ‘Chapter 29: EnergyaBrot für die Welt, 2019, ‘Die Kluft zwischen Arm und Reich überwinden: Soziale Ungleichheit als entwicklungspolitische Herausforderung’, Policy 2019. Security: A Twentieth-Century Major Concern Becoming Irrele-vant in the Twentieth-First Century?’, in A. Gheciu and W.C. Wohlforth (eds.), The Oxford handbook of international security, Oxford University Press, New York, from 432-441.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationBundesministerium der Finanzen, 2024, Die Abschaffung des deutschen Branntweinmonopols - Bun-desfinanzministerium - BMF-Monatsbericht Oktober 2017, Author.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationCárdenas, Mauricio (2007): Economic Growth in Colombia: a Reversal of “Fortune”? In: WORKING PAPERS SERIES - DOCUMENTOS DE TRABAJO (36), zuletzt geprüft am 30.03.2024.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationCentro Internacional de Formación Financiera, 2014, ‘Microfinanzas en países de la OCDE y en vías de desarrollo’ 2014.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationChancel, L. & Piketty, T., 2021, ‘Global Income Inequality, 1820–2020: the Persistence and Muta-tion of Extreme Inequality’, Journal of the European Economic Association 19(6), 3025–3062, viewed 29 March 2024, from http://www.piketty.pse.ens.fr/files/ChancelPiketty2021JEEA.pdf.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationChliova, M., Brinckmann, J. & Rosenbusch, N., 2015, ‘Is microcredit a blessing for the poor? A meta-analysis examining development outcomes and contextual considerations’, Journal of Busi-ness Venturing 30(3), 467–487.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationColombia Reports, 2020, FARC dissident activity (2020) - Google My Maps, viewed 11 August 2024, from https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/viewer?hl=en&mid=1-FL6A_8sYxaVFD84d2I6KTvX-kM&ll=4.853501603822574%2C-68.30886758267133&z=5.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationConvergences & ZERO exclusion carbon poverty, 2023, ‘FINANCIAL SYSTEM, ECONOMIC PLAYERS AND TERRITORIAL CHALLENGES: How to strengthen dialogue and change the profitability paradigm?’, Impact Finance Barometer 2023(3), viewed 31 March 2024.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationCreswell, J.W., 2014, Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches, 4th edn., SAGE, Los Angeles, London, New Delhi, Singapore, Washington, DC, viewed 30 Au-gust 2022, from http://155.0.32.9:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/1091/1/Qualitative,%20Quantitative,%20and%20Mixed%20Methods%20Approaches%20(%20PDFDrive%20)-1.pdf.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationDietz, K., Peters, S. & Schnepel, C., 2022, Corona in Lateinamerika, Nomos Verlagsges, Baden-Baden.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationecos del combeima, 2023, El Microcrédito en la agenda pública: Gobierno quiere llegar a zonas alejadas y población vulnerable con recursos, viewed 28 July 2024, from http://nuevo.ecosdelcombeima.com/economia/nota-224534-el-microcredito-en-la-agenda-publica.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationEL PAÍS S.L., 2023, ‘Hundreds of former FARC guerrillas forced to flee their homes due to death threats’, Ediciones EL PAÍS S.L., 4 July, viewed 4 May 2024, from https://english.elpais.com/international/2023-07-04/hundreds-of-former-farc-guerrillas-forced-to-flee-their-homes-due-to-death-threats.html#.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationEl Tiempo, 2023, ‘Uno de cada cinco colombianos acude a los ‘gota a gota’’, El Tiempo, 28 August, viewed 3 August 2024, from https://www.eltiempo.com/economia/finanzas-personales/este-es-el-perfil-de-quienes-acuden-a-los-gota-a-gota-en-colombia-800259.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationElbe, S., 2019, ‘Health and Security’, in A. Collins (ed.), Contemporary security studies, pp. 379–393, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationERCOŞKUN, B., 2021, ‘On Galtung’s Approach to Peace Studies’, Lectio Socialis 5(1), 1–8, viewed 11 May 2024, from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1282610.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationEstrada, D., Venegas, L., Zuleta, P. & FINAGRO, 2015, DESARROLLO ECONÓMICO, CRÉDITO RURAL Y CONFLICTO ARMADO EN COLOMBIA.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationFondo de Garantías Antioquia, 2023, Con FGA Fondo de Garantías puedes respaldar tus microcré-ditos y aportar a la inclusión financiera en el país, viewed 28 July 2024, from https://fga.com.co/post/con-fga-fondo-de-garantias-puedes-respaldar-tus-microcreditos-y-aportar-a-la-inclusion-financiera-en-el-pais/.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationFood and Agricultural Organization, 2024, Hand in Hand Initiative: Colombia Investment Plans and Opportunities HiH Investment Forum 2023, viewed 8 June 2024, from https://www.fao.org/hand-in-hand/hih-IF-2023/colombia/en.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationGaltung, J., 1969, ‘Violence, Peace, and Peace Research’, Journal of Peace Research 6(3), 167–191, viewed 17 July 2022.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationGaltung, J., 1990, ‘Cultural Violence’, Journal of Peace Research 27(3), 291–305.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationGaltung, J., 2011, ‘Peace, Positive and Negative’, The Encyclopedia of Peace Psychology First Edi-tion.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationGaltung, J. & Roa Suárez, H., 2000, ‘A propósito del proceso de paz en Colombia Reflexiones y alternativas’, Revista de la Universidad de La Salle(30), 13–28, viewed 25 October 2022, from https://ciencia.lasalle.edu.co/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1618&context=ruls.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationGarcía-Miguel, M., 2024, ‘La ambición y la dificultad del objetivo de la ‘Paz Total’ en Colombia’, Universiad de Navarra.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationGibson, S.L., 2018, ‘" Not as my Neighbor´": How Misinformed Narratives Surrounding the FARC are Hindering the Social Reintegration of its Demobilizing Combatants’, IN FACTIS PAX(12), 103–133.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationGlanz, K., 2017, ‘Social and behavioral theories. Behavioral and Social Sciences Research.’ 2017, from www.esourceresearch.org/Portals/)/Uploads/Documents/Public/Glanz_FullChapter.pdf.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationGOV.CO, 2023, Fondo de Microfinanzas Rurales - FMR | Finagro, viewed 30 June 2024, from https://www.finagro.com.co/fondo-microfinanzas-rurales-fmr.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationGrau-Prada, J.P., 2017, ‘El papel de las instituciones microfinancieras en el posconflicto en Colom-bia’, Díkaion 26(2), 283–312.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationGrupo Bicentenario, 2024, Conoce el Grupo Bicentenario, viewed 28 July 2024, from https://www.grupobicentenario.gov.co/conoce-el-grupo-bicentenario/.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationHandelsblatt, 2024, ‘Finanzgeschäfte: Zahl der Bank-Filialen in Deutschland sinkt unter 20.000’, Handelsblatt, 13 May, viewed 29 June 2024, from https://www.handelsblatt.com/finanzen/banken-versicherungen/banken/finanzgeschaefte-zahl-der-bank-filialen-in-deutschland-sinkt-unter-20000/100037450.html.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationHartwig & Jochen, ‘Wachstumsfolgen von Einkommensungleichheit: Theorie, empirische Evidenz und Politikempfehlungen’, viewed 30 March 2024, from https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/179434/1/CEP020.pdf.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationHayek, F.A., Interview über Ungleichheit mit Hayek 11.01.1996(3).
dc.source.bibliographicCitationHettlage, R., 1983, Teil V: Alternativen zum Sozialstaat?: 12. Kapitel: Genossenschaftsmodelle als Alternative, viewed 6 August 2022, from https://epub.uni-regensburg.de/27644/1/ubr13668_ocr.pdf.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationHofstetter, M., 1998, ‘La violencia en los modelos de crecimiento económico. Revista de Economía de la Universidad del Rosario’(2), 67–77.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationHöglund, K. & Öberg, M., 2011, Understanding peace research: Methods and challenges, Routledge, London, New York.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationIdrobo, F., Hessel, P., Harker, A., Evans-Lacko, S. & Avendaño, M., 2018, ‘Mental health of victims and ex-FARC members: a challenge for the peace process in Colombia’, The Lancet Psychiatry 5(6), 467–468, from https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpsy/article/PIIS2215-0366(18)30134-2/fulltext.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationInternational Monetary Fund, 2024, Introduction to Inequality, viewed 5 May 2024, from https://www.imf.org/en/Topics/Inequality/introduction-to-inequality.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationJurisdicción Especial para la Paz (JEP), 2016, ACUERDO FINAL, Author.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationKivunja, C., 2018, ‘Distinguishing between Theory, Theoretical Framework, and Conceptual Frame-work: A Systematic Review of Lessons from the Field’, International Journal of Higher Educa-tion 7(6), 44.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationLockwood, E., 2021, ‘The international political economy of global inequality’, Review of Interna-tional Political Economy 28(2), 421–445.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationMicroempresas de Colombia, 2024, Microempresas de Colombia, Ahorro, crédito, desarrollo em-presarial, viewed 1 August 2024, from https://microempresas.co/.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationMilanovic, B., 2016, Global inequality: A new approach for the age of globalization, Havard Univer-sity Press.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationMinisterio de Relaciones Exteriores de Colombia, 2016, CARTILLA ABC DEL ACUERDO FINAL2, Author.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationMIV Milchindustrie-Verband e.V., 2025, Milchseen und Butterberge | Milkipedia | MIV Milchindus-trie-Verband e.V, viewed 11 January 2025, from https://milchindustrie.de/milkipedia/milchseen-und-butterberge/.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationMurdoch, J.C. & Sandler, T., 2004, ‘Civil Wars and Economic Growth: Spatial Dispersion’, Ameri-can Journal of Political Science 48(1), 138–151.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationNorth C. Douglass, John Joseph Wallis & Barry R. Weingast, 2009, ‘Violence and Social Orders: A Conceptual Framework for Interpreting Recorded Human History’ 2009, viewed 25 February 2024.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationOECD (2022): BETTER POLICIES FOR BETTER LIVES. Inequality and Poverty. Online verfügbar unter https://www.oecd.org/social/inequality-and-poverty.htm, last actualisation 01.07.2022, last check 16.07.2022.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationOECD, 2015, In It Together: Why Less Inequality Benefits All, OECD Publishing, Paris.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationÖzerdem, A. & Podder, S., 2008, ‘Reinsertion Assistance and the Reintegration of Ex-Combatants in War to Peace Transitions’, Working Paper 4, University of Bradford.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationPatton, M.Q., 2002, Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods-: 3 Edition, Sage Publications.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationPieterse, J.N., 2002, ‘Global inequality: Bringing politics back in’, Third World Quarterly 23(6), 1023–1046.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationPiketty, T., 2018, Brahmin Left vs Merchant Right: Rising Inequality & the Changing Structure of Political Conflict: (Evidence from France, Britain and the US, 1948-2017), viewed 17 February 2024.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationPiketty, T. & Goldhammer, A., 2017, Capital in the Twenty-First Century, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, viewed 30 March 2024, from https://dowbor.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/14Thomas-Piketty.pdf.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationPolachek, S. & Sevastianova, D., 2010, ‘Does conflict disrupt growth? Evidence of the relationship between political instability and national economic performance’, Journal of International Trade and Economic Development 21(4762).
dc.source.bibliographicCitationPPI, 2024, About the PPI: A Poverty Measurement Tool, Collins, Elliot; Rodriguez, David; Cardona, Manuel; Contreras, Isabelle; Lamke, Carlie, viewed 9 May 2024, from https://www.povertyindex.org/about-us.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationQué son los préstamos "gota a gota" que grupos criminales de Colombia exportan al resto de Améri-ca Latina (2016). In: BBC News Mundo, 21.10.2016. Online: https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-37708989, last checked on August 3, 2024.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationRamírez Virviescas, N., Monroy Isaza, S. & Guevara Castañeda, D.A., 2019, ‘Agroecology and integral microfinance: recommendations for the Colombian post-conflict avoiding the financiali-zation of rural financing’, Cuadernos de Economía 38(78), 729–751, viewed 12 May 2024.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationRao, Narasimha D.; Min, Jihoon (2018): Less global inequality can improve climate outcomes. In: WIREs Climate Change 9 (2), Artikel e513. DOI: 10.1002/wcc.513.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationResearch and Markets, 2024, Global Microfinance Market: by Services (Group & Individual Micro Credit, Insurance, Leasing), Providers (Banks, Non-Banks) - Forecast 2024-2030, viewed 31 March 2024, from https://www.researchandmarkets.com/report/microfinance?utm_source=GNE&utm_medium=PressRelease&utm_code=lpbprc&utm_campaign=1892459+-+Global+Microfinance+Strategic+Market+Report+2023-2030%3a+How+Microfinance+Can+Live+Up+to+Expectations+%26+Unlock+a+Promising+Narrative%3f&utm_exec=chdo54prd.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationReynolds, C.W., Aguiar, L.G., Arbelaez, C., Restrepo, C.G., Patiño, A. & Carranza, H., et al., 2021, ‘Healthcare access barriers for FARC ex-combatants in Colombia: qualitative perspectives from healthcare providers and FARC health promoters’, BMC public health 21(1), 102.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationRieser, Abogada Yvonne (2022): Steuerrecht in Kolumbien im Überblick. In: anwalt.de, 2022. Onli-ne verfügbar unter https://www.anwalt.de/rechtstipps/steuerrecht-in-kolumbien-im-ueberblick_159928.html, last checked on May 5, 2024.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationSalcedo-Pérez, C., 2021, ‘Microfinancing for Informal Enterprises: Perspectives in Colombia’, Pro-ceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management 2021, viewed 9 August 2024, from https://ieomsociety.org/brazil2020/papers/40.pdf.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationSantos, J.L., 2003, ‘Financing small, medium and micro enterprises in post-conflict situations: Micro-finance opportunities in the Democratic Republic of the Congo’ 2003.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationSchroeder, E., 2020, ‘The impact of microcredit borrowing on household consumption in Bangla-desh’, Applied Economics 52(43), 4765–4779.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationStatista 2024: Poverty rates in Colombia | Statista. Online verfügbar unter https://www.statista.com/statistics/788915/poverty-rate-colombia/, Last updated on February 25, 2024, last checked on February 25, 2024.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationSheehan, G., 2003, ‘Microfinance as a path way to peace and reconciliation. A case study from Sri Lanka: Paper presented at the Conference on International Perspectives on Peace and Reconcilia-tion at the University of Melbourne’ 2003
dc.source.bibliographicCitationStüttgen, M., 2017, Ethik von Banken und Finanzen, Theologischer Verlag Zürich.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationTeng, P. & Lassa, J., 2016, ‘Food Security’, in M. Caballero-Anthony (ed.), An introduction to non-traditional Security Studies: A transnational approach, pp. 114–133, Sage Publications Ltd.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationThe World Bank Group, 2022, ‘COLOMBIA - financial sector assessment program: Technical Note THE ROLE OF THE STATE IN THE PROVISION OF FINANCIAL SERVICES’ 2022, 1–49.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationUNHCR Global Focus, 2024a, Colombia situation, viewed 29 March 2024, from https://reporting.unhcr.org/operational/situations/colombia-situation.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationUnidad de Implementación del Aceurdo de Paz, 2022, Explicación puntos del acuerdo, viewed 3 December 2024, from https://portalparalapaz.gov.co/explicacion-puntos-del-acuerdo/.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationUnidad de Proyección Normativa y Estudios de Regulación Financiera, 2024, ‘Clasificación de cate-gorías de cooperativas de ahorro y crédito para aplicación de la regulación prudencial’ 2024, vie-wed 14 July 2024, from https://www.urf.gov.co/webcenter/ShowProperty?nodeId=%2FConexionContent%2FWCC_CLUSTER-243073%2F%2FidcPrimaryFile&revision=latestreleased.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationUnited Nations, 2024, Constructive Dialogue, Protection of Ex-Combatants, Vulnerable Groups Crucial to Solidify Peace in Colombia, Special Representative Tells Security Council | Meetings Coverage and Press Releases, viewed 29 April 2024, from https://press.un.org/en/2023/sc15437.doc.htm.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationWeber, H.R., 1971, ‘The Promise of the Land, Biblical Interpretation and the Present Situation in the Middle East’, Study Encounter 7(4), 1–16.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationWHO, 2024, Population below the international poverty line, viewed 9 January 2025, from https://www.who.int/data/nutrition/nlis/info/population-below-the-international-poverty-line.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationWorld Bank, 2022, ‘COVID-19 Boosted the Adoption of Digital Financial Services’, World Bank Group, 21 July, viewed 31 March 2024, from https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2022/07/21/covid-19-boosted-the-adoption-of-digital-financial-services.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationWorld Bank, 2023, Poverty & Equity Brief: Latin America & the Caribbean Colombia, viewed 25 February 2024, from https://databankfiles.worldbank.org/public/ddpext_download/poverty/987B9C90-CB9F-4D93-AE8C-750588BF00QA/current/Global_POVEQ_COL.pdf.
dc.source.bibliographicCitationWorld Bank, 2024, Overview, viewed 5 May 2024, from https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/financialinclusion/overview
dc.source.instnameinstname:Universidad del Rosario
dc.source.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR
dc.subjectMicrocréditos
dc.subjectJohan Galtung
dc.subjectReintegración de las FARC
dc.subjectPaz Positiva
dc.subjectViolencia Estructural
dc.subjectInclusión Financiera
dc.subjectColombia
dc.subjectAcuerdo de Paz 2016
dc.subject.keywordMicroloans
dc.subject.keywordJohan Galtung
dc.subject.keywordReintegration of the FARC
dc.subject.keywordPositive Peace
dc.subject.keywordFinancial Inclusion
dc.subject.keywordStructural Violence
dc.subject.keywordColombia
dc.subject.keywordPeace Agreement 2016
dc.titleHow can microcredits be used as a reintegration measure for former FARC members in Colombia to promote positive peace?
dc.title.TranslatedTitle¿Cómo se puede utilizarse los microcréditos como medida de reintegración para los antiguos miembros de las FARC en Colombia con el fin de promover una paz positiva?
dc.typemasterThesis
dc.type.hasVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.spaTesis de maestría
local.department.reportEscuela de Ciencias Humanas
local.regionesBogotá
Archivos
Bloque original
Mostrando1 - 1 de 1
Miniatura
Nombre:
How_can_microcredits_be_used_Böhmer_Isabel.pdf
Tamaño:
3.06 MB
Formato:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Descripción:
Descargar
Colecciones
Maestría en Conflicto, Memoria y Paz