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Can individual variation in phenotypic plasticity enhance population viability?
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Autores
Maldonado Chaparro, Adriana Alexandra
Read, Dwight W
Blumstein, Daniel T
Fecha
2017-05-24
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Elsevier
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Resumen
En respuesta al clima y otras fuentes de variación ambiental, los individuos dentro de una población pueden ajustar sus respuestas de comportamiento, morfológicas o fisiológicas a las condiciones ambientales variables a través de la plasticidad fenotípica. En entornos estacionales, las limitaciones de tiempo relacionadas con la estacionalidad, así como la variación de los factores climáticos, pueden afectar las tasas de crecimiento de la masa corporal. Para hacer frente a las consecuencias de un período difícil, las personas pueden, por ejemplo, compensar la pérdida de masa corporal acelerando su tasa de crecimiento en el período siguiente
Abstract
In response to climatic and other sources of environmental variation, individuals within a population may adjust their behavioral, morphological or physiological responses to varying environmental conditions through phenotypic plasticity. In seasonal environments, time constraints related to seasonality, as well as variation in climatic factors, may affect body mass growth rates. To cope with the consequences of a harsh period, individuals may, for example, compensate for lost body mass by accelerating their growth rate in the following period. Phenotypically plastic responses like this can, therefore, directly affect body mass, which may affect individual fitness and, ultimately, population dynamics. Here, we use a well-studied population of yellow-bellied marmots, Marmota flaviventris, in Colorado to parametrize and develop an individual-based model (IBM) to investigate how phenotypically plastic responses in body mass growth rate may compensate for an individual’s bad start after a harsh period (compensatory growth), and to explore whether individual variation in compensatory growth favors population persistence under less favorable climatic scenarios. A simulation model that allowed marmots with a body mass less than the population’s average body mass to compensate their growth provided the best match with observed population sizes, suggesting the importance of trade-offs in population dynamics. We also found that compensatory growth plays an important role in decreasing the probability of extinction under both less favorable colder and random climate scenarios. Our results lead to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms that govern population fluctuations and highlight the importance of quantifying the fitness cost of phenotypically plastic responses
Palabras clave
Clima , Variacion Ambiental , Población , Comportamiento , morfológicas o fisiológicas
Keywords
Body mass growth-rate plasticity , Individual variationIndividual-based model , Population persistence , Yellow-bellied marmots
