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Evaluación de la función nerviosa autónoma mediante pruebas de variabilidad cardiaca en un hospital de alta complejidad de Bogotá, Colombia

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dc.contributor.advisorRodríguez Quintana, Jesús Hernán
dc.contributor.advisorMurcia Soriano, Luisa Fernanda
dc.contributor.otherOviedo, Laura
dc.creatorBasallo Triana, Harold
dc.creator.degreeEspecialista en Neurología
dc.creator.degreeLevelMaestría
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-18T13:52:31Z
dc.date.available2025-06-18T13:52:31Z
dc.date.created2025-05-02
dc.descriptionLa evaluación de la función nerviosa autónoma es clave en el manejo de enfermedades cardiovasculares y neurológicas. La variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca (VFC) es una herramienta diagnóstica fundamental que permite evaluar la respuesta del sistema nervioso autónomo a distintos estímulos. Este estudio analiza la función autonómica en pacientes de un hospital de cuarto nivel en Bogotá mediante pruebas de VFC. Objetivo Describir los hallazgos de la evaluación de la función autonómica mediante pruebas de variabilidad cardíaca en pacientes atendidos en un hospital de alto nivel de complejidad en Colombia. Metodología Estudio observacional descriptivo realizado en pacientes sometidos a pruebas de VFC en el servicio de neurología de un hospital de alta complejidad en Bogotá Colombia. Se analizaron datos clínicos y los resultados de las pruebas de respiración profunda y normal (HRBD), maniobra de Valsalva y prueba de relación 30:15 (Standing-up) realizados entre 2017 y 2024. Resultados Se evaluaron 48 pacientes, de los cuales el 89.58% presentó comorbilidades, siendo las más frecuente, el diagnóstico de hipertensión arterial (19.3%), patologías cardíacas (10.2%) y diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (9.4%). Las pruebas de VFC mostraron alteraciones en el 77.1% de los casos para la prueba de relación 30:15, 16.7% en la maniobra de Valsalva y 6.25% en HRBD. Las alteraciones fueron más frecuentes en hombres entre 61 y 80 años, mientras que en mujeres menores de 40 años la prueba de relación 30:15 mostró mayor frecuencia de anormalidades. 66.6% de los pacientes requirió modificaciones en su manejo médico según los hallazgos, con cambios en el tratamiento en más de 60% de los casos con pruebas alteradas. Conclusión La evaluación de la función autonómica mediante pruebas de VFC permitió identificar disautonomías en pacientes con comorbilidades. La prueba de relación 30:15 fue la más frecuentemente alterada. Estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia de estas pruebas en la práctica clínica en la toma de decisiones terapéuticas de los pacientes.
dc.description.abstractThe evaluation of autonomic nervous function is key in the management of cardiovascular and neurological diseases. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a fundamental diagnostic tool that allows for the assessment of the autonomic nervous system's response to different stimuli. This study analyzes autonomic function in patients from a fourth-level hospital in Bogotá through HRV testing. Objective To describe the findings of autonomic function assessment using heart rate variability tests in patients treated at a high-complexity hospital in Colombia. Methodology A descriptive observational study was conducted on patients who underwent HRV testing in the neurology department of a high-complexity hospital in Bogotá, Colombia. Clinical data and the results of deep and normal breathing tests (HRBD), Valsalva maneuver, and the 30:15 ratio test (standing-up test) performed between 2017 and 2024 were analyzed. Results A total of 48 patients were evaluated, of whom 89.58% had comorbidities, with the most frequent being hypertension (19.3%), cardiac conditions (10.2%), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (9.4%). HRV tests showed abnormalities in 77.1% of cases for the 30:15 ratio test, 16.7% in the Valsalva maneuver, and 6.25% in the HRBD test. Alterations were more common in men aged 61 to 80, while in women under 40 years, the 30:15 ratio test showed a higher frequency of abnormalities. A total of 66.6% of patients required modifications to their medical management based on the findings, with treatment changes in more than 60% of cases with abnormal results. Conclusion The evaluation of autonomic function through HRV testing allowed for the identification of dysautonomia in patients with comorbidities. The 30:15 ratio test was the most frequently altered. These findings highlight the importance of these tests in clinical practice for therapeutic decision-making in patient care.
dc.description.sponsorshipHospital Universitario Mayor Méderi
dc.format.extent66 pp
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.48713/10336_45734
dc.identifier.urihttps://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/45734
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad del Rosario
dc.publisher.departmentEscuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud
dc.publisher.programEspecialización en Neurología
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International*
dc.rights.accesRightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.accesoAbierto (Texto Completo)
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dc.source.instnameinstname:Universidad del Rosario
dc.source.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR
dc.subjectDisautonomía
dc.subjectVariabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca
dc.subjectDisfunción autonómica
dc.subjectEvaluación neurofisiológica
dc.subject.keywordDysautonomia
dc.subject.keywordHeart rate variability
dc.subject.keywordAutonomic dysfunction
dc.subject.keywordNeurophysiological assessment
dc.titleEvaluación de la función nerviosa autónoma mediante pruebas de variabilidad cardiaca en un hospital de alta complejidad de Bogotá, Colombia
dc.title.TranslatedTitleAssessment of Autonomic Nervous Function Through Heart Rate Variability Tests in a High-Complexity Hospital in Bogotá, Colombia
dc.title.alternativeEvaluación de la función nerviosa autónoma mediante pruebas de variabilidad cardiaca en un hospital de alta complejidad de Bogotá, Colombia
dc.typemasterThesis
dc.type.hasVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.spaArtículo
local.department.reportEscuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud
local.regionesBogotá
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