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Programa de prevención de riesgo de lesión del ligamento cruzado anterior

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dc.contributor.gruplacCiencias de la Rehabilitación
dc.contributor.otherCárdenas Sandoval, Rosy Paola
dc.creatorRivera Blanco, Camila Alejandra
dc.creatorMayorga Bacca, María Paula
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-09T19:18:47Z
dc.date.available2026-06-09T19:18:47Z
dc.date.created2026-06-09
dc.date.issued2026-06-09
dc.descriptionEste documento presenta un programa de prevención del riesgo de lesión del ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) dirigido a deportistas femeninas que realizan gestos deportivos que incluyen saltos, aterrizajes, desaceleraciones y cambios de dirección. Inicialmente, se describen la anatomía y la función biomecánica del LCA, resaltando su papel en la estabilidad de la rodilla mediante el control de la traslación tibial anterior y las cargas rotacionales. Asimismo, se expone la epidemiología de estas lesiones, evidenciando una mayor incidencia en mujeres y una elevada proporción de lesiones sin contacto, las cuales generan importantes repercusiones funcionales, deportivas y económicas. Se identifican como principales factores de riesgo variables biomecánicas y neuromusculares, entre ellas el aumento del valgo dinámico de rodilla, la dominancia del cuádriceps, la insuficiente activación de los músculos isquiotibiales, la deficiente estabilidad lumbo-pélvica y los patrones inadecuados de aterrizaje, los cuales favorecen mecanismos lesionales de carácter multiplanar. Como estrategia preventiva, se propone un programa estructurado en ocho sesiones progresivas que integra ejercicios orientados al fortalecimiento muscular, la estabilidad del core, el control postural, el equilibrio dinámico y la optimización de la técnica de aterrizaje, con el objetivo de mejorar el control neuromuscular y reducir el riesgo de lesión del LCA durante la práctica deportiva.
dc.description.abstractThis document presents a program for preventing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries aimed for female athletes who perform sports movements that include jumping, landing, deceleration, and changes of direction. First, the anatomy and biomechanical function of the ACL are described, emphasizing its role in knee stability by controlling anterior tibial translation and rotational loads. The epidemiology of these injuries is also discussed, showing a higher incidence in women and a high proportion of non-contact injuries, which have significant functional, athletic, and economic repercussions. Biomechanical and neuromuscular variables are identified as the main risk factors, including increased dynamic knee valgus, quadriceps dominance, insufficient activation of the hamstrings, poor lumbopelvic stability, and inadequate landing patterns, all of this contribute to multiplanar injury mechanisms. As a preventive strategy, a program structured into eight progressive sessions is proposed, integrating exercises focused on muscle strengthening, core stability, postural control, dynamic balance, and optimization of landing technique, with the aim of improving neuromuscular control and reducing the risk of ACL injury during sports practice.
dc.format.extent41 pp
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.format.tipoDocumentospa
dc.geoLocationBogotá
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.48713/10336_47904
dc.identifier.urihttps://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/47904
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad del Rosariospa
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International*
dc.rights.accesRightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.accesoAbierto (Texto Completo)
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/*
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dc.source.instnameinstname:Universidad del Rosariospa
dc.source.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocURspa
dc.subjectLigamento cruzado anterior
dc.subjectLesiones
dc.subjectPrevención
dc.subjectEjercicio
dc.subjectAtletas
dc.subjectFemenino
dc.subject.keywordAnterior Cruciate Ligament
dc.subject.keywordInjuries
dc.subject.keywordPrevention
dc.subject.keywordExercise
dc.subject.keywordAthletes
dc.subject.keywordFemale
dc.titlePrograma de prevención de riesgo de lesión del ligamento cruzado anterior
dc.typetechnicalReport
dc.type.hasVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.spaCartilla
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