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Necesidades educativas interculturales en la atención primaria de pacientes con asma: un estudio de teoría fundamentada constructivista en el eje cafetero colombiano

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dc.contributor.advisorSánchez Godoy, Armando
dc.creatorPiotrostanalzki Vargas, Audrey
dc.creatorVega Useche, Leonel Santiago
dc.creator.degreeMagíster en Educación para Profesionales de la Salud
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-17T15:41:40Z
dc.date.available2026-07-17T15:41:40Z
dc.date.created2026-07-07
dc.date.embargoEndinfo:eu-repo/date/embargoEnd/2028-07-18
dc.descriptionIntroducción: La atención primaria del asma exige procesos educativos continuos entre profesionales y pacientes en contextos culturalmente diversos. En el Eje Cafetero colombiano se conoce poco sobre cómo se configuran las necesidades educativas interculturales para la atención primaria del asma a partir de las experiencias de médicos y pacientes. Objetivo: Comprender cómo se configuran las necesidades educativas interculturales para la atención primaria del asma a partir de las experiencias de médicos y pacientes del Eje Cafetero colombiano, con el fin de construir una interpretación teórica situada que aporte a la formación de profesionales de salud. Método: Estudio cualitativo orientado por teoría fundamentada constructivista de Charmaz. Se realizaron 16 entrevistas semiestructuradas a médicos generales, especialistas y pacientes con asma, y 2 autoentrevistas reflexivas. El análisis siguió ciclos de codificación inicial, focalizada y comparación constante. Resultados: Se construyeron tres categorías principales: necesidades educativas e integración de la interculturalidad en la educación médica, adaptación cultural de la atención y rasgos de interculturalidad en la relación médico-paciente. Estas se articularon en la interpretación teórica situada denominada interculturalidad formativa situada. Conclusiones: Las necesidades educativas interculturales en la atención primaria del asma se configuran como un proceso relacional, situado y bidireccional que incluye actualización clínica, comunicación intercultural, reconocimiento de saberes, alfabetización en salud y abogacía. La formación médica debe incorporar estas dimensiones para fortalecer la atención en contextos de diversidad sociocultural.
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: Primary care for asthma requires ongoing educational processes between health professionals and patients in culturally diverse contexts. In the Colombian Coffee Region (Eje Cafetero), little is known about how intercultural educational needs for asthma primary care are configured based on the experiences of physicians and patients. Objective: To understand how intercultural educational needs for asthma primary care are configured based on the experiences of physicians and patients in the Colombian Coffee Region, in order to build a situated theoretical interpretation that contributes to health professional training. Method: Qualitative study guided by Charmaz's constructivist grounded theory. Sixteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with general practitioners, specialists, and patients with asthma, along with two reflexive self-interviews. Analysis followed cycles of initial coding, focused coding, and constant comparison. Results: Three main categories were constructed: educational needs and the integration of interculturality into medical education, cultural adaptation of care, and features of interculturality in the physician-patient relationship. These were articulated into a situated theoretical interpretation termed situated formative interculturality. Conclusions: Intercultural educational needs in asthma primary care are configured as a relational, situated, and bidirectional process that includes clinical updating, intercultural communication, recognition of knowledge, health literacy, and advocacy. Medical education should incorporate these dimensions to strengthen care in contexts of sociocultural diversity.
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dc.publisherUniversidad del Rosario
dc.publisherPontificia Universidad Javeriana. Facultad de Medicina
dc.publisher.departmentEscuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud
dc.publisher.programMaestría en Educación para Profesionales de la Salud
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dc.source.instnameinstname:Universidad del Rosario
dc.source.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR
dc.subjectAsma
dc.subjectAtención primaria
dc.subjectNecesidades educativas interculturales
dc.subjectTeoría fundamentada constructivista
dc.subjectEducación médica
dc.subject.keywordAsthma
dc.subject.keywordPrimary care
dc.subject.keywordIntercultural educational needs
dc.subject.keywordConstructivist grounded theory
dc.subject.keywordMedical education
dc.titleNecesidades educativas interculturales en la atención primaria de pacientes con asma: un estudio de teoría fundamentada constructivista en el eje cafetero colombiano
dc.title.TranslatedTitleIntercultural educational needs in primary care for patients with asthma: A constructivist grounded theory study in the Colombian Coffee Region
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dc.type.hasVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.spaTesis de maestría
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