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A latitudinal gradient study of common anti-infectious agent antibody prevalence in Italy and Colombia
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Pordeus V.
Barzilai O.
Sherer Y.
Luiz R.R.
Blank M.
Bizzaro N.
Villalta D.
Anaya, Juan-Manuel
Shoenfeld Y.
Fecha
2008
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Abstract
Background: Infectious agents are important in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease since they are a major part of the environmental trigger of autoimmunity. A negative relationship between latitude and infectious disease species richness has been suggested. Objectives: To examine whether their prevalence differs in two latitudinally different populations. Methods: The prevalence of infections with Toxoplasma gondii, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus and Treponema pallidum was compared between subjects from Italy and Colombia. Results: We found high titers of antibodies against four of five microorganisms tested, Toxoplasma gondii (50.8%), rubella virus (German measles) (75%), cytomegalovirus (86.3%), Epstein-Barr virus (83.3%) and Treponema pallidum (6.3%) in completely healthy individuals from a tropical country (Colombia) and a European country (Italy). Differences between two groups of volunteers were noted regarding two infectious agents. The prevalence of immunoglobulin G anti-rubella antibodies was significantly higher among Italian subjects (85% vs. 67.9%, P = 0.002), whereas antibodies against CMV were less prevalent among Italian as compared to Colombian subjects (77% vs. 92.9%, P less than 0.001). Conclusions: These differences might also result in a different tendency towards development of autoimmune diseases associated with these infectious agents in different populations.
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Bacterium antibody , human , Cytomegalovirus antibody , Immunoglobulin g , Protozoon antibody , Rubella antibody , Virus antibody , Antibody , Immunoglobulin g , Adult , Antibody titer , Article , Autoimmune disease , Autoimmunity , Bacterial infection , Colombia , Controlled study , Cytomegalovirus , Cytomegalovirus infection , Disease association , Epstein barr virus , Female , Human , Immunoassay , Italy , Latitude , Male , Normal human , Pathogenesis , Prevalence , Race difference , Rubella , Rubella virus , Species diversity , Toxoplasma gondii , Toxoplasmosis , Treponema pallidum , Virus infection , Volunteer , Adolescent , Animal , Blood , Comparative study , Immunology , Middle aged , Toxoplasma , Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Antibodies , Colombia , Cytomegalovirus , Female , Herpesvirus 4 , Humans , Immunoglobulin g , Italy , Male , Middle aged , Rubella virus , Toxoplasma , Treponema pallidum , Cytomegalovirus , Epstein-barr virus , Rubella virus , Toxoplasma gondii , Treporema pallidum
