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Chromosomal instability in farmers exposed to pesticides: High prevalence of clonal and non-clonal chromosomal alterations
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Autores
Cepeda, Sebastian
Forero-Castro, Maribel
Cárdenas-Nieto, Diana
Martínez Agüero, Magdalena María
Rondón-Lagos, Milena
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Fecha
2020
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Dove Medical Press Ltd
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Abstract
Introduction: An important economic activity in Colombia is agricultural production and farmers are frequently exposed to pesticides. Occupational exposure to pesticides is associated with an increased incidence of various diseases, including cancer, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, reproductive disorders, and birth defects. However, although high genotoxicity is associated with these chemicals, information about the type and frequency of specific chromosomal alterations (CAs) and the level of chromosomal instability (CIN) induced by exposure to pesticides is scarce or absent. Methods: In this study, CAs and CIN were assessed in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from five farmers occupationally exposed to pesticides and from five unexposed individuals using GTG-banding and molecular cytogenetic analysis. Results: A significant increase in clonal and non-clonal chromosomal alterations was observed in pesticide-exposed individuals compared with unexposed individuals (510±12,2 vs 73±5,7, respectively; p less than 0.008). Among all CAs, monosomies and deletions were more frequently observed in the exposed group. Also, a high frequency of fragilities was observed in the exposed group. Conclusion: Together, these findings suggest that exposure to pesticides could be associated with CIN in PBLs and indicate the need for the establishment of educational programs on safety precautions when handling pesticides, such as wearing gloves, masks and boots, changing clothes and maintaining proper hygiene, among others. Further evaluation in other similar studies that include a greater number of individuals exposed to pesticides is necessary. © 2020 Cepeda et al.
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Keywords
Pesticide , Adult , Agricultural worker , Article , Chromatid aberration , Chromosomal instability , Chromosome analysis , Chromosome banding pattern , Chromosome breakage , Chromosome deletion , Chromosome mutation , Clinical article , Clonal variation , Controlled study , Female , Fluorescence in situ hybridization , Genetic risk , Genotoxicity , High risk population , Human , Male , Middle aged , Monosomy , Numerical chromosome aberration , Occupational exposure , Occupational hazard , Peripheral lymphocyte , Pesticide spraying , Risk assessment , Risk factor , Structural chromosome aberration , Chromosomal instability , Clonal chromosomal alteration , Non-clonal chromosomal alteration , Occupational exposure , Pesticides
