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Host-Protozoan Interactions Protect from Mucosal Infections through Activation of the Inflammasome
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Autores
Chudnovskiy, Aleksey
Mortha, Arthur
Kana, Veronika
Kennard, Andrea
Ramírez, Juan David
Rahman, Adeeb
Remark, Romain
Mogno, Ilaria
Ng, Ruby
Gnjatic, Sasha
Fecha
2016-10
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Cell
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Abstract
While conventional pathogenic protists have been extensively studied, there is an underappreciated constitutive protist microbiota that is an integral part of the vertebrate microbiome. The impact of these species on the host and their potential contributions to mucosal immune homeostasis remain poorly studied. Here, we show that the protozoan Tritrichomonas musculis activates the host epithelial inflammasome to induce IL-18 release. Epithelialderived IL-18 promotes dendritic cell-driven Th1 and Th17 immunity and confers dramatic protection from mucosal bacterial infections. Along with its role as a protistic'' antibiotic, colonization with T. musculis exacerbates the development of T-cell-driven colitis and sporadic colorectal tumors. Our findings demonstrate a novel mutualistic host-protozoan interaction that increases mucosal host defenses at the cost of an increased risk of inflammatory disease.
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Keywords
Animals , Colitis , Dientamoeba , Host-Parasite Interactions , Immunity , Mucosal , Inflammasomes , Interleukin-18 , Intestinal Mucosa , Mice , Mice , Inbred C57BL , Microbiota , Salmonella Infections , Salmonella typhimurium , Symbiosis , Th1 Cells , Th17 Cells , Trichomonas , Trichomonas Infections
